doc/man/lttng-ust.3.txt

   1 lttng-ust(3)
   2 ============
   3 :object-type: library
   4
   5
   6 NAME
   7 ----
   8 lttng-ust - LTTng user space tracing
   9
  10
  11 SYNOPSIS
  12 --------
  13 [verse]
  14 *#include <lttng/tracepoint.h>*
  15
  16 [verse]
  17 #define *TRACEPOINT_ENUM*('prov_name', 'enum_name', 'mappings')
  18 #define *TRACEPOINT_EVENT*('prov_name', 't_name', 'args', 'fields')
  19 #define *TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS*('prov_name', 'class_name', 'args', 'fields')
  20 #define *TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE*('prov_name', 'class_name', 't_name', 'args')
  21 #define *TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL*('prov_name', 't_name', 'level')
  22 #define *ctf_array*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  23 #define *ctf_array_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  24 #define *ctf_array_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  25 #define *ctf_array_nowrite_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  26 #define *ctf_array_network*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  27 #define *ctf_array_network_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  28 #define *ctf_array_network_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  29 #define *ctf_array_network_nowrite_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  30 #define *ctf_array_text*(char, 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  31 #define *ctf_array_text_nowrite*(char, 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
  32 #define *ctf_enum*('prov_name', 'enum_name', 'int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
  33 #define *ctf_enum_nowrite*('prov_name', 'enum_name', 'int_type', 'field_name',
  34                          'expr')
  35 #define *ctf_enum_value*('label', 'value')
  36 #define *ctf_enum_range*('label', 'start', 'end')
  37 #define *ctf_float*('float_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
  38 #define *ctf_float_nowrite*('float_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
  39 #define *ctf_integer*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
  40 #define *ctf_integer_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
  41 #define *ctf_integer_network*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
  42 #define *ctf_integer_network_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
  43 #define *ctf_integer_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
  44 #define *ctf_sequence*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type', 'len_expr')
  45 #define *ctf_sequence_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
  46                              'len_expr')
  47 #define *ctf_sequence_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
  48                          'len_expr')
  49 #define *ctf_sequence_nowrite_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
  50                                  'len_expr')
  51 #define *ctf_sequence_network*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
  52                              'len_expr')
  53 #define *ctf_sequence_network_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr',
  54                                      'len_type', 'len_expr')
  55 #define *ctf_sequence_network_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
  56                                  'len_expr')
  57 #define *ctf_sequence_network_nowrite_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr',
  58                                          'len_type', 'len_expr')
  59 #define *ctf_sequence_text*(char, 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type', 'len_expr')
  60 #define *ctf_sequence_text_nowrite*(char, 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
  61                                   'len_expr')
  62 #define *ctf_string*('field_name', 'expr')
  63 #define *ctf_string_nowrite*('field_name', 'expr')
  64 #define *do_tracepoint*('prov_name', 't_name', ...)
  65 #define *tracepoint*('prov_name', 't_name', ...)
  66 #define *tracepoint_enabled*('prov_name', 't_name')
  67
  68 Link with `-llttng-ust -ldl`, following this man page.
  69
  70
  71 DESCRIPTION
  72 -----------
  73 The http://lttng.org/[_Linux Trace Toolkit: next generation_] is an open
  74 source software package used for correlated tracing of the Linux kernel,
  75 user applications, and user libraries.
  76
  77 LTTng-UST is the user space tracing component of the LTTng project. It
  78 is a port to user space of the low-overhead tracing capabilities of the
  79 LTTng Linux kernel tracer. The `liblttng-ust` library is used to trace
  80 user applications and libraries.
  81
  82 NOTE: This man page is about the `liblttng-ust` library. The LTTng-UST
  83 project also provides Java and Python packages to trace applications
  84 written in those languages. How to instrument and trace Java and Python
  85 applications is documented in
  86 http://lttng.org/docs/[the online LTTng documentation].
  87
  88 There are three ways to use `liblttng-ust`:
  89
  90   * Using the man:tracef(3) API, which is similar to man:printf(3).
  91   * Using the man:tracelog(3) API, which is man:tracef(3) with
  92     a log level parameter.
  93   * Defining your own tracepoints. See the
  94     <<creating-tp,Creating a tracepoint provider>> section below.
  95
  96
  97 [[creating-tp]]
  98 Creating a tracepoint provider
  99 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 100 Creating a tracepoint provider is the first step of using
 101 `liblttng-ust`. The next steps are:
 102
 103   * <<tracepoint,Instrumenting your application with `tracepoint()` calls>>
 104   * Building your application with LTTng-UST support, either
 105     <<build-static,statically>> or <<build-dynamic,dynamically>>.
 106
 107 A *tracepoint provider* is a compiled object containing the event
 108 probes corresponding to your custom tracepoint definitions. A tracepoint
 109 provider contains the code to get the size of an event and to serialize
 110 it, amongst other things.
 111
 112 To create a tracepoint provider, start with the following
 113 _tracepoint provider header_ template:
 114
 115 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 116 #undef TRACEPOINT_PROVIDER
 117 #define TRACEPOINT_PROVIDER my_provider
 118
 119 #undef TRACEPOINT_INCLUDE
 120 #define TRACEPOINT_INCLUDE "./tp.h"
 121
 122 #if !defined(_TP_H) || defined(TRACEPOINT_HEADER_MULTI_READ)
 123 #define _TP_H
 124
 125 #include <lttng/tracepoint.h>
 126
 127 /*
 128  * TRACEPOINT_EVENT(), TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS(),
 129  * TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE(), TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL(),
 130  * and `TRACEPOINT_ENUM()` are used here.
 131  */
 132
 133 #endif /* _TP_H */
 134
 135 #include <lttng/tracepoint-event.h>
 136 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 137
 138 In this template, the tracepoint provider is named `my_provider`
 139 (`TRACEPOINT_PROVIDER` definition). The file needs to bear the
 140 name of the `TRACEPOINT_INCLUDE` definition (`tp.h` in this case).
 141 Between `#include <lttng/tracepoint.h>` and `#endif` go
 142 the invocations of the <<tracepoint-event,`TRACEPOINT_EVENT()`>>,
 143 <<tracepoint-event-class,`TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS()`>>,
 144 <<tracepoint-event-class,`TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE()`>>,
 145 <<tracepoint-loglevel,`TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL()`>>, and
 146 <<tracepoint-enum,`TRACEPOINT_ENUM()`>> macros.
 147
 148 NOTE: You can avoid writing the prologue and epilogue boilerplate in the
 149 template file above by using the man:lttng-gen-tp(1) tool shipped with
 150 LTTng-UST.
 151
 152 The tracepoint provider header file needs to be included in a source
 153 file which looks like this:
 154
 155 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 156 #define TRACEPOINT_CREATE_PROBES
 157
 158 #include "tp.h"
 159 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 160
 161 Together, those two files (let's call them `tp.h` and `tp.c`) form the
 162 tracepoint provider sources, ready to be compiled.
 163
 164 You can create multiple tracepoint providers to be used in a single
 165 application, but each one must have its own header file.
 166
 167 The <<tracepoint-event,`TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` usage>> section below
 168 shows how to use the `TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` macro to define the actual
 169 tracepoints in the tracepoint provider header file.
 170
 171 See the <<example,EXAMPLE>> section below for a complete example.
 172
 173
 174 [[tracepoint-event]]
 175 `TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` usage
 176 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 177 The `TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` macro is used in a template provider
 178 header file (see the <<creating-tp,Creating a tracepoint provider>>
 179 section above) to define LTTng-UST tracepoints.
 180
 181 The `TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` usage template is as follows:
 182
 183 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 184 TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
 185     /* Tracepoint provider name */
 186     my_provider,
 187
 188     /* Tracepoint/event name */
 189     my_tracepoint,
 190
 191     /* List of tracepoint arguments (input) */
 192     TP_ARGS(
 193         ...
 194     ),
 195
 196     /* List of fields of eventual event (output) */
 197     TP_FIELDS(
 198         ...
 199     )
 200 )
 201 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 202
 203 The `TP_ARGS()` macro contains the input arguments of the tracepoint.
 204 Those arguments can be used in the argument expressions of the output
 205 fields defined in `TP_FIELDS()`.
 206
 207 The format of the `TP_ARGS()` parameters is: C type, then argument name;
 208 repeat as needed, up to ten times. For example:
 209
 210 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 211 TP_ARGS(
 212     int, my_int,
 213     const char *, my_string,
 214     FILE *, my_file,
 215     double, my_float,
 216     struct my_data *, my_data
 217 )
 218 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 219
 220 The `TP_FIELDS()` macro contains the output fields of the tracepoint,
 221 that is, the actual data that can be recorded in the payload of an
 222 event emitted by this tracepoint.
 223
 224 The `TP_FIELDS()` macro contains a list of `ctf_*()` macros
 225 :not: separated by commas. The available macros are documented in the
 226 <<ctf-macros,Available `ctf_*()` field type macros>> section below.
 227
 228
 229 [[ctf-macros]]
 230 Available `ctf_*()` field type macros
 231 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 232 This section documents the available `ctf_*()` macros that can be
 233 inserted in the `TP_FIELDS()` macro of the
 234 <<tracepoint-event,`TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` macro>>.
 235
 236 Standard integer, displayed in base 10:
 237
 238 [verse]
 239 *ctf_integer*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 240 *ctf_integer_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 241
 242 Standard integer, displayed in base 16:
 243
 244 [verse]
 245 *ctf_integer_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 246
 247 Integer in network byte order (big endian), displayed in base 10:
 248
 249 [verse]
 250 *ctf_integer_network*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 251
 252 Integer in network byte order, displayed in base 16:
 253
 254 [verse]
 255 *ctf_integer_network_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 256
 257 Floating point number:
 258
 259 [verse]
 260 *ctf_float*('float_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 261 *ctf_float_nowrite*('float_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 262
 263 Null-terminated string:
 264
 265 [verse]
 266 *ctf_string*('field_name', 'expr')
 267 *ctf_string_nowrite*('field_name', 'expr')
 268
 269 Statically-sized array of integers (`_hex` versions displayed in
 270 hexadecimal, `_network` versions in network byte order):
 271
 272 [verse]
 273 *ctf_array*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 274 *ctf_array_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 275 *ctf_array_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 276 *ctf_array_nowrite_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 277 *ctf_array_network*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 278 *ctf_array_network_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 279 *ctf_array_network_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 280 *ctf_array_network_nowrite_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 281
 282 Statically-sized array, printed as text; no need to be null-terminated:
 283
 284 [verse]
 285 *ctf_array_text*(char, 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 286 *ctf_array_text_nowrite*(char, 'field_name', 'expr', 'count')
 287
 288 Dynamically-sized array of integers (`_hex` versions displayed in
 289 hexadecimal, `_network` versions in network byte order):
 290
 291 [verse]
 292 *ctf_sequence*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type', 'len_expr')
 293 *ctf_sequence_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type', 'len_expr')
 294 *ctf_sequence_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type', 'len_expr')
 295 *ctf_sequence_nowrite_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
 296                          'len_expr')
 297 *ctf_sequence_network*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type', 'len_expr')
 298 *ctf_sequence_network_nowrite*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
 299                              'len_expr')
 300 *ctf_sequence_network_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type',
 301                          'len_expr')
 302 *ctf_sequence_network_nowrite_hex*('int_type', 'field_name', 'expr',
 303                                  'len_type', 'len_expr')
 304
 305 Dynamically-sized array, displayed as text; no need to be null-terminated:
 306
 307 [verse]
 308 *ctf_sequence_text*(char, 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type', 'len_expr')
 309 *ctf_sequence_text_nowrite*(char, 'field_name', 'expr', 'len_type', 'len_expr')
 310
 311 Enumeration. The enumeration field must be defined before using this
 312 macro with the `TRACEPOINT_ENUM()` macro. See the
 313 <<tracepoint-enum,`TRACEPOINT_ENUM()` usage>> section for more
 314 information.
 315
 316 [verse]
 317 *ctf_enum*('prov_name', 'enum_name', 'int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 318 *ctf_enum_nowrite*('prov_name', 'enum_name', 'int_type', 'field_name', 'expr')
 319
 320 The parameters are:
 321
 322 'count'::
 323     Number of elements in array/sequence. This must be known at
 324     compile time.
 325
 326 'enum_name'::
 327     Name of an enumeration field previously defined with the
 328     `TRACEPOINT_ENUM()` macro. See the
 329     <<tracepoint-enum,`TRACEPOINT_ENUM()` usage>> section for more
 330     information.
 331
 332 'expr'::
 333     C expression resulting in the field's value. This expression can
 334     use one or more arguments passed to the tracepoint. The arguments
 335     of a given tracepoint are defined in the `TP_ARGS()` macro (see
 336     the <<creating-tp,Creating a tracepoint provider>> section above).
 337
 338 'field_name'::
 339     Event field name (C identifier syntax, :not: a literal string).
 340
 341 'float_type'::
 342     Float C type (`float` or `double`). The size of this type determines
 343     the size of the floating point number field.
 344
 345 'int_type'::
 346     Integer C type. The size of this type determines the size of the
 347     integer/enumeration field.
 348
 349 'len_expr'::
 350     C expression resulting in the sequence's length. This expression
 351     can use one or more arguments passed to the tracepoint.
 352
 353 'len_type'::
 354     Unsigned integer C type of sequence's length.
 355
 356 'prov_name'::
 357     Tracepoint provider name. This must be the same as the tracepoint
 358     provider name used in a previous field definition.
 359
 360 The `_nowrite` versions omit themselves from the recorded trace, but are
 361 otherwise identical. Their primary purpose is to make some of the
 362 event context available to the event filters without having to commit
 363 the data to sub-buffers. See man:lttng-enable-event(1) to learn more
 364 about dynamic event filtering.
 365
 366 See the <<example,EXAMPLE>> section below for a complete example.
 367
 368
 369 [[tracepoint-enum]]
 370 `TRACEPOINT_ENUM()` usage
 371 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 372 An enumeration field is a list of mappings between an integers, or a
 373 range of integers, and strings (sometimes called _labels_ or
 374 _enumerators_). Enumeration fields can be used to have a more compact
 375 trace when the possible values for a field are limited.
 376
 377 An enumeration field is defined with the `TRACEPOINT_ENUM()` macro:
 378
 379 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 380 TRACEPOINT_ENUM(
 381     /* Tracepoint provider name */
 382     my_provider,
 383
 384     /* Enumeration name (unique in the whole tracepoint provider) */
 385     my_enum,
 386
 387     /* Enumeration mappings */
 388     TP_ENUM_VALUES(
 389         ...
 390     )
 391 )
 392 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 393
 394 `TP_ENUM_VALUES()` contains a list of enumeration mappings, :not:
 395 separated by commas. Two macros can be used in the `TP_ENUM_VALUES()`:
 396 `ctf_enum_value()` and `ctf_enum_range()`.
 397
 398 `ctf_enum_value()` is a single value mapping:
 399
 400 [verse]
 401 *ctf_enum_value*('label', 'value')
 402
 403 This macro maps the given 'label' string to the value 'value'.
 404
 405 `ctf_enum_range()` is a range mapping:
 406
 407 [verse]
 408 *ctf_enum_range*('label', 'start', 'end')
 409
 410 This macro maps the given 'label' string to the range of integers from
 411 'start' to 'end', inclusively. Range mappings may overlap, but the
 412 behaviour is implementation-defined: each trace reader handles
 413 overlapping ranges as it wishes.
 414
 415 See the <<example,EXAMPLE>> section below for a complete example.
 416
 417
 418 [[tracepoint-event-class]]
 419 `TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS()` usage
 420 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 421 A *tracepoint class* is a class of tracepoints sharing the
 422 same field types and names. A tracepoint instance is one instance of
 423 such a declared tracepoint class, with its own event name.
 424
 425 LTTng-UST creates one event serialization function per tracepoint
 426 class. Using `TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` creates one tracepoint class per
 427 tracepoint definition, whereas using `TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS()` and
 428 `TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE()` creates one tracepoint class, and one or
 429 more tracepoint instances of this class. In other words, many
 430 tracepoints can reuse the same serialization code. Reusing the same
 431 code, when possible, can reduce cache pollution, thus improve
 432 performance.
 433
 434 The `TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS()` macro accepts the same parameters as
 435 the `TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` macro, except that instead of an event name,
 436 its second parameter is the _tracepoint class name_:
 437
 438 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 439 TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS(
 440     /* Tracepoint provider name */
 441     my_provider,
 442
 443     /* Tracepoint class name */
 444     my_tracepoint_class,
 445
 446     /* List of tracepoint arguments (input) */
 447     TP_ARGS(
 448         ...
 449     ),
 450
 451     /* List of fields of eventual event (output) */
 452     TP_FIELDS(
 453         ...
 454     )
 455 )
 456 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 457
 458 Once the tracepoint class is defined, you can create as many tracepoint
 459 instances as needed:
 460
 461 -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 462 TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE(
 463     /* Tracepoint provider name */
 464     my_provider,
 465
 466     /* Tracepoint class name */
 467     my_tracepoint_class,
 468
 469     /* Tracepoint/event name */
 470     my_tracepoint,
 471
 472     /* List of tracepoint arguments (input) */
 473     TP_ARGS(
 474         ...
 475     )
 476 )
 477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 478
 479 As you can see, the `TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE()` does not contain
 480 the `TP_FIELDS()` macro, because they are defined at the
 481 `TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS()` level.
 482
 483 See the <<example,EXAMPLE>> section below for a complete example.
 484
 485
 486 [[tracepoint-loglevel]]
 487 `TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL()` usage
 488 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 489 Optionally, a *log level* can be assigned to a defined tracepoint.
 490 Assigning different levels of severity to tracepoints can be useful:
 491 when controlling tracing sessions, you can choose to only enable
 492 events falling into a specific log level range using the
 493 nloption:--loglevel and nloption:--loglevel-only options of the
 494 man:lttng-enable-event(1) command.
 495
 496 Log levels are assigned to tracepoints that are already defined using
 497 the `TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL()` macro. The latter must be used after having
 498 used `TRACEPOINT_EVENT()` or `TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE()` for a given
 499 tracepoint. The `TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL()` macro is used as follows:
 500
 501 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 502 TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL(
 503     /* Tracepoint provider name */
 504     my_provider,
 505
 506     /* Tracepoint/event name */
 507     my_tracepoint,
 508
 509     /* Log level */
 510     TRACE_INFO
 511 )
 512 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 513
 514 The available log level definitions are:
 515
 516 include::log-levels.txt[]
 517
 518 See the <<example,EXAMPLE>> section below for a complete example.
 519
 520
 521 [[tracepoint]]
 522 Instrumenting your application
 523 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 524 Once the tracepoint provider is created (see the
 525 <<creating-tp,Creating a tracepoint provider>> section above), you can
 526 instrument your application with the defined tracepoints thanks to the
 527 `tracepoint()` macro:
 528
 529 [verse]
 530 #define *tracepoint*('prov_name', 't_name', ...)
 531
 532 With:
 533
 534 'prov_name'::
 535     Tracepoint provider name.
 536
 537 't_name'::
 538     Tracepoint/event name.
 539
 540 `...`::
 541     Tracepoint arguments, if any.
 542
 543 Make sure to include the tracepoint provider header file anywhere you
 544 use `tracepoint()` for this provider.
 545
 546 NOTE: Even though LTTng-UST supports `tracepoint()` call site duplicates
 547 having the same provider and tracepoint names, it is recommended to use
 548 a provider/tracepoint name pair only once within the application source
 549 code to help map events back to their call sites when analyzing the
 550 trace.
 551
 552 Sometimes, arguments to the tracepoint are expensive to compute (take
 553 call stack, for example). To avoid the computation when the tracepoint
 554 is disabled, you can use the `tracepoint_enabled()` and
 555 `do_tracepoint()` macros:
 556
 557 [verse]
 558 #define *tracepoint_enabled*('prov_name', 't_name')
 559 #define *do_tracepoint*('prov_name', 't_name', ...)
 560
 561 `tracepoint_enabled()` returns a non-zero value if the tracepoint
 562 named 't_name' from the provider named 'prov_name' is enabled at
 563 run time.
 564
 565 `do_tracepoint()` is like `tracepoint()`, except that it doesn't check
 566 if the tracepoint is enabled. Using `tracepoint()` with
 567 `tracepoint_enabled()` is dangerous since `tracepoint()` also contains
 568 the `tracepoint_enabled()` check, thus a race condition is possible
 569 in this situation:
 570
 571 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 572 if (tracepoint_enabled(my_provider, my_tracepoint)) {
 573     stuff = prepare_stuff();
 574 }
 575
 576 tracepoint(my_provider, my_tracepoint, stuff);
 577 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 578
 579 If the tracepoint is enabled after the condition, then `stuff` is not
 580 prepared: the emitted event will either contain wrong data, or the
 581 whole application could crash (segmentation fault, for example).
 582
 583 NOTE: Neither `tracepoint_enabled()` nor `do_tracepoint()` have
 584 a `STAP_PROBEV()` call, so if you need it, you should emit this call
 585 yourself.
 586
 587
 588 [[build-static]]
 589 Statically linking the tracepoint provider
 590 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 591 With the static linking method, compiled tracepoint providers are copied
 592 into the target application.
 593
 594 Define `TRACEPOINT_DEFINE` definition below the
 595 `TRACEPOINT_CREATE_PROBES` definition in the tracepoint provider
 596 source:
 597
 598 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 599 #define TRACEPOINT_CREATE_PROBES
 600 #define TRACEPOINT_DEFINE
 601
 602 #include "tp.h"
 603 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 604
 605 Create the tracepoint provider object file:
 606
 607 [role="term"]
 608 ----
 609 $ cc -c -I. tp.c
 610 ----
 611
 612 NOTE: Although an application instrumented with LTTng-UST tracepoints
 613 can be compiled with a C++ compiler, tracepoint probes should be
 614 compiled with a C compiler.
 615
 616 At this point, you _can_ archive this tracepoint provider object file,
 617 possibly with other object files of your application or with other
 618 tracepoint provider object files, as a static library:
 619
 620 [role="term"]
 621 ----
 622 $ ar rc tp.a tp.o
 623 ----
 624
 625 Using a static library does have the advantage of centralising the
 626 tracepoint providers objects so they can be shared between multiple
 627 applications. This way, when the tracepoint provider is modified, the
 628 source code changes don't have to be patched into each application's
 629 source code tree. The applications need to be relinked after each
 630 change, but need not to be otherwise recompiled (unless the tracepoint
 631 provider's API changes).
 632
 633 Then, link your application with this object file (or with the static
 634 library containing it) and with `liblttng-ust` and `libdl`
 635 (`libc` on a BSD system):
 636
 637 [role="term"]
 638 ----
 639 $ cc -o app tp.o app.o -llttng-ust -ldl
 640 ----
 641
 642
 643 [[build-dynamic]]
 644 Dynamically loading the tracepoint provider
 645 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 646 The second approach to package the tracepoint provider is to use the
 647 dynamic loader: the library and its member functions are explicitly
 648 sought, loaded at run time.
 649
 650 In this scenario, the tracepoint provider is compiled as a shared
 651 object.
 652
 653 The process to create the tracepoint provider shared object is pretty
 654 much the same as the <<build-static,static linking method>>, except
 655 that:
 656
 657   * Since the tracepoint provider is not part of the application,
 658     `TRACEPOINT_DEFINE` must be defined, for each tracepoint
 659     provider, in exactly one source file of the
 660     _application_
 661   * `TRACEPOINT_PROBE_DYNAMIC_LINKAGE` must be defined next
 662     to `TRACEPOINT_DEFINE`
 663
 664 Regarding `TRACEPOINT_DEFINE` and `TRACEPOINT_PROBE_DYNAMIC_LINKAGE`,
 665 the recommended practice is to use a separate C source file in your
 666 application to define them, then include the tracepoint provider header
 667 files afterwards. For example, as `tp-define.c`:
 668
 669 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 670 #define TRACEPOINT_DEFINE
 671 #define TRACEPOINT_PROBE_DYNAMIC_LINKAGE
 672
 673 #include "tp.h"
 674 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 675
 676 The tracepoint provider object file used to create the shared library is
 677 built like it is using the static linking method, but with the
 678 nloption:-fpic option:
 679
 680 [role="term"]
 681 ----
 682 $ cc -c -fpic -I. tp.c
 683 ----
 684
 685 It is then linked as a shared library like this:
 686
 687 [role="term"]
 688 ----
 689 $ cc -shared -Wl,--no-as-needed -o tp.so tp.o -llttng-ust
 690 ----
 691
 692 This tracepoint provider shared object isn't linked with the user
 693 application: it must be loaded manually. This is why the application is
 694 built with no mention of this tracepoint provider, but still needs
 695 libdl:
 696
 697 [role="term"]
 698 ----
 699 $ cc -o app app.o tp-define.o -ldl
 700 ----
 701
 702 There are two ways to dynamically load the tracepoint provider shared
 703 object:
 704
 705   * Load it manually from the application using man:dlopen(3)
 706   * Make the dynamic loader load it with the `LD_PRELOAD`
 707     environment variable (see man:ld.so(8))
 708
 709 If the application does not dynamically load the tracepoint provider
 710 shared object using one of the methods above, tracing is disabled for
 711 this application, and the events are not listed in the output of
 712 man:lttng-list(1).
 713
 714 Note that it is not safe to use man:dlclose(3) on a tracepoint provider
 715 shared object that is being actively used for tracing, due to a lack of
 716 reference counting from LTTng-UST to the shared object.
 717
 718 For example, statically linking a tracepoint provider to a shared object
 719 which is to be dynamically loaded by an application (a plugin, for
 720 example) is not safe: the shared object, which contains the tracepoint
 721 provider, could be dynamically closed (man:dlclose(3)) at any time by
 722 the application.
 723
 724 To instrument a shared object, either:
 725
 726   * Statically link the tracepoint provider to the application, or
 727   * Build the tracepoint provider as a shared object (following the
 728     procedure shown in this section), and preload it when tracing is
 729     needed using the `LD_PRELOAD` environment variable.
 730
 731
 732 Using LTTng-UST with daemons
 733 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 734 Some extra care is needed when using `liblttng-ust` with daemon
 735 applications that call man:fork(2), man:clone(2), or BSD's man:rfork(2)
 736 without a following man:exec(3) family system call. The library
 737 `liblttng-ust-fork.so` needs to be preloaded before starting the
 738 application with the `LD_PRELOAD` environment variable (see
 739 man:ld.so(8)).
 740
 741 To use `liblttng-ust` with a daemon application which closes file
 742 descriptors that were not opened by it, preload the `liblttng-ust-fd.so`
 743 library before you start the application. Typical use cases include
 744 daemons closing all file descriptors after man:fork(2), and buggy
 745 applications doing ``double-closes''.
 746
 747
 748 Context information
 749 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 750 Context information can be prepended by the LTTng-UST tracer before
 751 each event, or before specific events.
 752
 753 Context fields can be added to specific channels using
 754 man:lttng-add-context(1).
 755
 756 The following context fields are supported by LTTng-UST:
 757
 758 `cpu_id`::
 759     CPU ID.
 760 +
 761 NOTE: This context field is always enabled, and it cannot be added
 762 with man:lttng-add-context(1). Its main purpose is to be used for
 763 dynamic event filtering. See man:lttng-enable-event(1) for more
 764 information about event filtering.
 765
 766 `ip`::
 767     Instruction pointer: enables recording the exact address from which
 768     an event was emitted. This context field can be used to
 769     reverse-lookup the source location that caused the event
 770     to be emitted.
 771
 772 `perf:thread:COUNTER`::
 773     perf counter named 'COUNTER'. Use `lttng add-context --list` to
 774     list the available perf counters.
 775 +
 776 Only available on IA-32 and x86-64 architectures.
 777
 778 `perf:thread:raw:rN:NAME`::
 779     perf counter with raw ID 'N' and custom name 'NAME'. See
 780     man:lttng-add-context(1) for more details.
 781
 782 `pthread_id`::
 783     POSIX thread identifier. Can be used on architectures where
 784     `pthread_t` maps nicely to an `unsigned long` type.
 785
 786 `procname`::
 787     Thread name, as set by man:exec(3) or man:prctl(2). It is
 788     recommended that programs set their thread name with man:prctl(2)
 789     before hitting the first tracepoint for that thread.
 790
 791 `vpid`::
 792     Virtual process ID: process ID as seen from the point of view of
 793     the current man:pid_namespaces(7).
 794
 795 `vtid`::
 796     Virtual thread ID: thread ID as seen from the point of view of
 797     the current man:pid_namespaces(7).
 798
 799 The following man:namespaces(7) context fields are supported by LTTng-UST:
 800
 801 `cgroup_ns`::
 802     Cgroup root directory namespace: inode number of the current
 803     man:cgroup_namespaces(7) in the proc filesystem.
 804
 805 `ipc_ns`::
 806     System V IPC, POSIX message queues namespace: inode number of the
 807     current IPC namespace in the proc filesystem.
 808
 809 `mnt_ns`::
 810     Mount points namespace: inode number of the current Mount namespace
 811     in the proc filesystem.
 812
 813 `net_ns`::
 814     Network devices, stacks, ports namespace: inode number of the
 815     current Network namespace in the proc filesystem.
 816
 817 `pid_ns`::
 818     Process IDs namespace: inode number of the current
 819     man:pid_namespaces(7) in the proc filesystem.
 820
 821 `user_ns`::
 822     User and group IDs namespace: inode number of the current
 823     man:user_namespaces(7) in the proc filesystem.
 824
 825 `uts_ns`::
 826     Hostname and NIS domain name namespace: inode number of the
 827     current UTS namespace in the proc filesystem.
 828
 829 The following man:credentials(7) context fields are supported by LTTng-UST:
 830
 831 `vuid`::
 832     Virtual real user ID: real user ID as seen from the point of view of
 833     the current man:user_namespaces(7).
 834
 835 `vgid`::
 836     Virtual real group ID: real group ID as seen from the point of view of
 837     the current man:user_namespaces(7).
 838
 839 `veuid`::
 840     Virtual effective user ID: effective user ID as seen from the point of
 841     view of the current man:user_namespaces(7).
 842
 843 `vegid`::
 844     Virtual effective group ID: effective group ID as seen from the point of
 845     view of the current man:user_namespaces(7).
 846
 847 `vsuid`::
 848     Virtual saved set-user ID: saved set-user ID as seen from the point of
 849     view of the current man:user_namespaces(7).
 850
 851 `vsgid`::
 852     Virtual saved set-group ID: saved set-group ID as seen from the point of
 853     view of the current man:user_namespaces(7).
 854
 855
 856 [[state-dump]]
 857 LTTng-UST state dump
 858 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 859 If an application that uses `liblttng-ust` becomes part of a tracing
 860 session, information about its currently loaded shared objects, their
 861 build IDs, and their debug link information are emitted as events
 862 by the tracer.
 863
 864 The following LTTng-UST state dump events exist and must be enabled
 865 to record application state dumps. Note that, during the state dump
 866 phase, LTTng-UST can also emit _shared library load/unload_ events
 867 (see <<ust-lib,Shared library load/unload tracking>> below).
 868
 869 `lttng_ust_statedump:start`::
 870     Emitted when the state dump begins.
 871 +
 872 This event has no fields.
 873
 874 `lttng_ust_statedump:end`::
 875     Emitted when the state dump ends. Once this event is emitted, it
 876     is guaranteed that, for a given process, the state dump is
 877     complete.
 878 +
 879 This event has no fields.
 880
 881 `lttng_ust_statedump:bin_info`::
 882     Emitted when information about a currently loaded executable or
 883     shared object is found.
 884 +
 885 Fields:
 886 +
 887 [options="header"]
 888 |===
 889 |Field name |Description
 890
 891 |`baddr`
 892 |Base address of loaded executable.
 893
 894 |`memsz`
 895 |Size of loaded executable in memory.
 896
 897 |`path`
 898 |Path to loaded executable file.
 899
 900 |`is_pic`
 901 |Whether or not the executable is position-independent code.
 902
 903 |`has_build_id`
 904 |Whether or not the executable has a build ID. If this field is 1, you
 905 can expect that an `lttng_ust_statedump:build_id` event record follows
 906 this one (not necessarily immediately after).
 907
 908 |`has_debug_link`
 909 |Whether or not the executable has debug link information. If this field
 910 is 1, you can expect that an `lttng_ust_statedump:debug_link` event
 911 record follows this one (not necessarily immediately after).
 912 |===
 913
 914 `lttng_ust_statedump:build_id`::
 915     Emitted when a build ID is found in a currently loaded shared
 916     library. See
 917     https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Separate-Debug-Files.html[Debugging Information in Separate Files]
 918     for more information about build IDs.
 919 +
 920 Fields:
 921 +
 922 [options="header"]
 923 |===
 924 |Field name |Description
 925
 926 |`baddr`
 927 |Base address of loaded library.
 928
 929 |`build_id`
 930 |Build ID.
 931 |===
 932
 933 `lttng_ust_statedump:debug_link`::
 934     Emitted when debug link information is found in a currently loaded
 935     shared library. See
 936     https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Separate-Debug-Files.html[Debugging Information in Separate Files]
 937     for more information about debug links.
 938 +
 939 Fields:
 940 +
 941 [options="header"]
 942 |===
 943 |Field name |Description
 944
 945 |`baddr`
 946 |Base address of loaded library.
 947
 948 |`crc`
 949 |Debug link file's CRC.
 950
 951 |`filename`
 952 |Debug link file name.
 953 |===
 954
 955
 956 [[ust-lib]]
 957 Shared library load/unload tracking
 958 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 959 The <<state-dump,LTTng-UST state dump>> and the LTTng-UST helper library
 960 to instrument the dynamic linker (see man:liblttng-ust-dl(3)) can emit
 961 **shared library load/unload tracking** events.
 962
 963 The following shared library load/unload tracking events exist and must
 964 be enabled to track the loading and unloading of shared libraries:
 965
 966 `lttng_ust_lib:load`::
 967     Emitted when a shared library (shared object) is loaded.
 968 +
 969 Fields:
 970 +
 971 [options="header"]
 972 |===
 973 |Field name |Description
 974
 975 |`baddr`
 976 |Base address of loaded library.
 977
 978 |`memsz`
 979 |Size of loaded library in memory.
 980
 981 |`path`
 982 |Path to loaded library file.
 983
 984 |`has_build_id`
 985 |Whether or not the library has a build ID. If this field is 1, you
 986 can expect that an `lttng_ust_lib:build_id` event record follows
 987 this one (not necessarily immediately after).
 988
 989 |`has_debug_link`
 990 |Whether or not the library has debug link information. If this field
 991 is 1, you can expect that an `lttng_ust_lib:debug_link` event
 992 record follows this one (not necessarily immediately after).
 993 |===
 994
 995 `lttng_ust_lib:unload`::
 996     Emitted when a shared library (shared object) is unloaded.
 997 +
 998 Fields:
 999 +
1000 [options="header"]
1001 |===
1002 |Field name |Description
1003
1004 |`baddr`
1005 |Base address of unloaded library.
1006 |===
1007
1008 `lttng_ust_lib:build_id`::
1009     Emitted when a build ID is found in a loaded shared library (shared
1010     object). See
1011     https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Separate-Debug-Files.html[Debugging Information in Separate Files]
1012     for more information about build IDs.
1013 +
1014 Fields:
1015 +
1016 [options="header"]
1017 |===
1018 |Field name |Description
1019
1020 |`baddr`
1021 |Base address of loaded library.
1022
1023 |`build_id`
1024 |Build ID.
1025 |===
1026
1027 `lttng_ust_lib:debug_link`::
1028     Emitted when debug link information is found in a loaded
1029     shared library (shared object). See
1030     https://sourceware.org/gdb/onlinedocs/gdb/Separate-Debug-Files.html[Debugging Information in Separate Files]
1031     for more information about debug links.
1032 +
1033 Fields:
1034 +
1035 [options="header"]
1036 |===
1037 |Field name |Description
1038
1039 |`baddr`
1040 |Base address of loaded library.
1041
1042 |`crc`
1043 |Debug link file's CRC.
1044
1045 |`filename`
1046 |Debug link file name.
1047 |===
1048
1049
1050 Detect if LTTng-UST is loaded
1051 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1052 To detect if `liblttng-ust` is loaded from an application:
1053
1054 . Define the `lttng_ust_loaded` weak symbol globally:
1055 +
1056 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1057 int lttng_ust_loaded __attribute__((weak));
1058 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1059 +
1060 This weak symbol is set by the constructor of `liblttng-ust`.
1061
1062 . Test `lttng_ust_loaded` where needed:
1063 +
1064 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1065 /* ... */
1066
1067 if (lttng_ust_loaded) {
1068     /* LTTng-UST is loaded */
1069 } else {
1070     /* LTTng-UST is NOT loaded */
1071 }
1072
1073 /* ... */
1074 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1075
1076
1077 [[example]]
1078 EXAMPLE
1079 -------
1080 NOTE: A few examples are available in the
1081 https://github.com/lttng/lttng-ust/tree/v{lttng_version}/doc/examples[`doc/examples`]
1082 directory of LTTng-UST's source tree.
1083
1084 This example shows all the features documented in the previous
1085 sections. The <<build-static,static linking>> method is chosen here
1086 to link the application with the tracepoint provider.
1087
1088 You can compile the source files and link them together statically
1089 like this:
1090
1091 [role="term"]
1092 ----
1093 $ cc -c -I. tp.c
1094 $ cc -c app.c
1095 $ cc -o app tp.o app.o -llttng-ust -ldl
1096 ----
1097
1098 Using the man:lttng(1) tool, create an LTTng tracing session, enable
1099 all the events of this tracepoint provider, and start tracing:
1100
1101 [role="term"]
1102 ----
1103 $ lttng create my-session
1104 $ lttng enable-event --userspace 'my_provider:*'
1105 $ lttng start
1106 ----
1107
1108 You may also enable specific events:
1109
1110 [role="term"]
1111 ----
1112 $ lttng enable-event --userspace my_provider:big_event
1113 $ lttng enable-event --userspace my_provider:event_instance2
1114 ----
1115
1116 Run the application:
1117
1118 [role="term"]
1119 ----
1120 $ ./app some arguments
1121 ----
1122
1123 Stop the current tracing session and inspect the recorded events:
1124
1125 [role="term"]
1126 ----
1127 $ lttng stop
1128 $ lttng view
1129 ----
1130
1131
1132 Tracepoint provider header file
1133 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1134 `tp.h`:
1135
1136 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1137 #undef TRACEPOINT_PROVIDER
1138 #define TRACEPOINT_PROVIDER my_provider
1139
1140 #undef TRACEPOINT_INCLUDE
1141 #define TRACEPOINT_INCLUDE "./tp.h"
1142
1143 #if !defined(_TP_H) || defined(TRACEPOINT_HEADER_MULTI_READ)
1144 #define _TP_H
1145
1146 #include <lttng/tracepoint.h>
1147 #include <stdio.h>
1148
1149 #include "app.h"
1150
1151 TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
1152     my_provider,
1153     simple_event,
1154     TP_ARGS(
1155         int, my_integer_arg,
1156         const char *, my_string_arg
1157     ),
1158     TP_FIELDS(
1159         ctf_string(argc, my_string_arg)
1160         ctf_integer(int, argv, my_integer_arg)
1161     )
1162 )
1163
1164 TRACEPOINT_ENUM(
1165     my_provider,
1166     my_enum,
1167     TP_ENUM_VALUES(
1168         ctf_enum_value("ZERO", 0)
1169         ctf_enum_value("ONE", 1)
1170         ctf_enum_value("TWO", 2)
1171         ctf_enum_range("A RANGE", 52, 125)
1172         ctf_enum_value("ONE THOUSAND", 1000)
1173     )
1174 )
1175
1176 TRACEPOINT_EVENT(
1177     my_provider,
1178     big_event,
1179     TP_ARGS(
1180         int, my_integer_arg,
1181         const char *, my_string_arg,
1182         FILE *, stream,
1183         double, flt_arg,
1184         int *, array_arg
1185     ),
1186     TP_FIELDS(
1187         ctf_integer(int, int_field1, my_integer_arg * 2)
1188         ctf_integer_hex(long int, stream_pos, ftell(stream))
1189         ctf_float(double, float_field, flt_arg)
1190         ctf_string(string_field, my_string_arg)
1191         ctf_array(int, array_field, array_arg, 7)
1192         ctf_array_text(char, array_text_field, array_arg, 5)
1193         ctf_sequence(int, seq_field, array_arg, int,
1194                      my_integer_arg / 10)
1195         ctf_sequence_text(char, seq_text_field, array_arg,
1196                           int, my_integer_arg / 5)
1197         ctf_enum(my_provider, my_enum, int,
1198                  enum_field, array_arg[1])
1199     )
1200 )
1201
1202 TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL(my_provider, big_event, TRACE_WARNING)
1203
1204 TRACEPOINT_EVENT_CLASS(
1205     my_provider,
1206     my_tracepoint_class,
1207     TP_ARGS(
1208         int, my_integer_arg,
1209         struct app_struct *, app_struct_arg
1210     ),
1211     TP_FIELDS(
1212         ctf_integer(int, a, my_integer_arg)
1213         ctf_integer(unsigned long, b, app_struct_arg->b)
1214         ctf_string(c, app_struct_arg->c)
1215     )
1216 )
1217
1218 TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE(
1219     my_provider,
1220     my_tracepoint_class,
1221     event_instance1,
1222     TP_ARGS(
1223         int, my_integer_arg,
1224         struct app_struct *, app_struct_arg
1225     )
1226 )
1227
1228 TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE(
1229     my_provider,
1230     my_tracepoint_class,
1231     event_instance2,
1232     TP_ARGS(
1233         int, my_integer_arg,
1234         struct app_struct *, app_struct_arg
1235     )
1236 )
1237
1238 TRACEPOINT_LOGLEVEL(my_provider, event_instance2, TRACE_INFO)
1239
1240 TRACEPOINT_EVENT_INSTANCE(
1241     my_provider,
1242     my_tracepoint_class,
1243     event_instance3,
1244     TP_ARGS(
1245         int, my_integer_arg,
1246         struct app_struct *, app_struct_arg
1247     )
1248 )
1249
1250 #endif /* _TP_H */
1251
1252 #include <lttng/tracepoint-event.h>
1253 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1254
1255
1256 Tracepoint provider source file
1257 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1258 `tp.c`:
1259
1260 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1261 #define TRACEPOINT_CREATE_PROBES
1262 #define TRACEPOINT_DEFINE
1263
1264 #include "tp.h"
1265 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1266
1267
1268 Application header file
1269 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1270 `app.h`:
1271
1272 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1273 #ifndef _APP_H
1274 #define _APP_H
1275
1276 struct app_struct {
1277     unsigned long b;
1278     const char *c;
1279     double d;
1280 };
1281
1282 #endif /* _APP_H */
1283 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1284
1285
1286 Application source file
1287 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1288 `app.c`:
1289
1290 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1291 #include <stdlib.h>
1292 #include <stdio.h>
1293
1294 #include "tp.h"
1295 #include "app.h"
1296
1297 static int array_of_ints[] = {
1298     100, -35, 1, 23, 14, -6, 28, 1001, -3000,
1299 };
1300
1301 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
1302 {
1303     FILE *stream;
1304     struct app_struct app_struct;
1305
1306     tracepoint(my_provider, simple_event, argc, argv[0]);
1307     stream = fopen("/tmp/app.txt", "w");
1308
1309     if (!stream) {
1310         fprintf(stderr,
1311                 "Error: Cannot open /tmp/app.txt for writing\n");
1312         return EXIT_FAILURE;
1313     }
1314
1315     if (fprintf(stream, "0123456789") != 10) {
1316         fclose(stream);
1317         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Cannot write to /tmp/app.txt\n");
1318         return EXIT_FAILURE;
1319     }
1320
1321     tracepoint(my_provider, big_event, 35, "hello tracepoint",
1322                stream, -3.14, array_of_ints);
1323     fclose(stream);
1324     app_struct.b = argc;
1325     app_struct.c = "[the string]";
1326     tracepoint(my_provider, event_instance1, 23, &app_struct);
1327     app_struct.b = argc * 5;
1328     app_struct.c = "[other string]";
1329     tracepoint(my_provider, event_instance2, 17, &app_struct);
1330     app_struct.b = 23;
1331     app_struct.c = "nothing";
1332     tracepoint(my_provider, event_instance3, -52, &app_struct);
1333
1334     return EXIT_SUCCESS;
1335 }
1336 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
1337
1338
1339 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
1340 ---------------------
1341 `LTTNG_HOME`::
1342     Alternative user's home directory. This variable is useful when the
1343     user running the instrumented application has a non-writable home
1344     directory.
1345 +
1346 Unix sockets used for the communication between `liblttng-ust` and the
1347 LTTng session and consumer daemons (part of the LTTng-tools project)
1348 are located in a specific directory under `$LTTNG_HOME` (or `$HOME` if
1349 `$LTTNG_HOME` is not set).
1350
1351 `LTTNG_UST_ALLOW_BLOCKING`::
1352     If set, allow the application to retry event tracing when there's
1353     no space left for the event record in the sub-buffer, therefore
1354     effectively blocking the application until space is made available
1355     or the configured timeout is reached.
1356 +
1357 To allow an application to block during tracing, you also need to
1358 specify a blocking timeout when you create a channel with the
1359 nloption:--blocking-timeout option of the man:lttng-enable-channel(1)
1360 command.
1361 +
1362 This option can be useful in workloads generating very large trace data
1363 throughput, where blocking the application is an acceptable trade-off to
1364 prevent discarding event records.
1365 +
1366 WARNING: Setting this environment variable may significantly
1367 affect application timings.
1368
1369 `LTTNG_UST_CLOCK_PLUGIN`::
1370     Path to the shared object which acts as the clock override plugin.
1371     An example of such a plugin can be found in the LTTng-UST
1372     documentation under
1373     https://github.com/lttng/lttng-ust/tree/v{lttng_version}/doc/examples/clock-override[`examples/clock-override`].
1374
1375 `LTTNG_UST_DEBUG`::
1376     If set, enable `liblttng-ust`'s debug and error output.
1377
1378 `LTTNG_UST_GETCPU_PLUGIN`::
1379     Path to the shared object which acts as the `getcpu()` override
1380     plugin. An example of such a plugin can be found in the LTTng-UST
1381     documentation under
1382     https://github.com/lttng/lttng-ust/tree/v{lttng_version}/doc/examples/getcpu-override[`examples/getcpu-override`].
1383
1384 `LTTNG_UST_REGISTER_TIMEOUT`::
1385     Waiting time for the _registration done_ session daemon command
1386     before proceeding to execute the main program (milliseconds).
1387 +
1388 The value `0` means _do not wait_. The value `-1` means _wait forever_.
1389 Setting this environment variable to `0` is recommended for applications
1390 with time constraints on the process startup time.
1391 +
1392 Default: {lttng_ust_register_timeout}.
1393
1394 `LTTNG_UST_WITHOUT_BADDR_STATEDUMP`::
1395     If set, prevents `liblttng-ust` from performing a base address state
1396     dump (see the <<state-dump,LTTng-UST state dump>> section above).
1397
1398
1399 include::common-footer.txt[]
1400
1401 include::common-copyrights.txt[]
1402
1403 include::common-authors.txt[]
1404
1405
1406 SEE ALSO
1407 --------
1408 man:tracef(3),
1409 man:tracelog(3),
1410 man:lttng-gen-tp(1),
1411 man:lttng-ust-dl(3),
1412 man:lttng-ust-cyg-profile(3),
1413 man:lttng(1),
1414 man:lttng-enable-event(1),
1415 man:lttng-list(1),
1416 man:lttng-add-context(1),
1417 man:babeltrace(1),
1418 man:dlopen(3),
1419 man:ld.so(8)