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[urcu.git] / urcu / wfcqueue.h
1 #ifndef _URCU_WFCQUEUE_H
2 #define _URCU_WFCQUEUE_H
3
4 /*
5 * urcu/wfcqueue.h
6 *
7 * Userspace RCU library - Concurrent Queue with Wait-Free Enqueue/Blocking Dequeue
8 *
9 * Copyright 2010-2012 - Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
10 * Copyright 2011-2012 - Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
11 *
12 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
13 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
14 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
15 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
16 *
17 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
20 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
21 *
22 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
23 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
24 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
25 */
26
27 #include <pthread.h>
28 #include <assert.h>
29 #include <stdbool.h>
30 #include <urcu/compiler.h>
31 #include <urcu/arch.h>
32
33 #ifdef __cplusplus
34 extern "C" {
35 #endif
36
37 /*
38 * Concurrent queue with wait-free enqueue/blocking dequeue.
39 *
40 * This queue has been designed and implemented collaboratively by
41 * Mathieu Desnoyers and Lai Jiangshan. Inspired from
42 * half-wait-free/half-blocking queue implementation done by Paul E.
43 * McKenney.
44 */
45
46 #define CDS_WFCQ_WOULDBLOCK ((void *) -1UL)
47
48 enum cds_wfcq_ret {
49 CDS_WFCQ_RET_WOULDBLOCK = -1,
50 CDS_WFCQ_RET_DEST_EMPTY = 0,
51 CDS_WFCQ_RET_DEST_NON_EMPTY = 1,
52 CDS_WFCQ_RET_SRC_EMPTY = 2,
53 };
54
55 enum cds_wfcq_state {
56 CDS_WFCQ_STATE_LAST = (1U << 0),
57 };
58
59 struct cds_wfcq_node {
60 struct cds_wfcq_node *next;
61 };
62
63 /*
64 * Do not put head and tail on the same cache-line if concurrent
65 * enqueue/dequeue are expected from many CPUs. This eliminates
66 * false-sharing between enqueue and dequeue.
67 */
68 struct cds_wfcq_head {
69 struct cds_wfcq_node node;
70 pthread_mutex_t lock;
71 };
72
73 struct cds_wfcq_tail {
74 struct cds_wfcq_node *p;
75 };
76
77 #ifdef _LGPL_SOURCE
78
79 #include <urcu/static/wfcqueue.h>
80
81 #define cds_wfcq_node_init _cds_wfcq_node_init
82 #define cds_wfcq_init _cds_wfcq_init
83 #define cds_wfcq_empty _cds_wfcq_empty
84 #define cds_wfcq_enqueue _cds_wfcq_enqueue
85
86 /* Dequeue locking */
87 #define cds_wfcq_dequeue_lock _cds_wfcq_dequeue_lock
88 #define cds_wfcq_dequeue_unlock _cds_wfcq_dequeue_unlock
89
90 /* Locking performed within cds_wfcq calls. */
91 #define cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking _cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking
92 #define cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking \
93 _cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking
94 #define cds_wfcq_splice_blocking _cds_wfcq_splice_blocking
95 #define cds_wfcq_first_blocking _cds_wfcq_first_blocking
96 #define cds_wfcq_next_blocking _cds_wfcq_next_blocking
97
98 /* Locking ensured by caller by holding cds_wfcq_dequeue_lock() */
99 #define __cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking ___cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking
100 #define __cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking \
101 ___cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking
102 #define __cds_wfcq_splice_blocking ___cds_wfcq_splice_blocking
103 #define __cds_wfcq_first_blocking ___cds_wfcq_first_blocking
104 #define __cds_wfcq_next_blocking ___cds_wfcq_next_blocking
105
106 /*
107 * Locking ensured by caller by holding cds_wfcq_dequeue_lock().
108 * Non-blocking: deque, first, next return CDS_WFCQ_WOULDBLOCK if they
109 * need to block. splice returns nonzero if it needs to block.
110 */
111 #define __cds_wfcq_dequeue_nonblocking ___cds_wfcq_dequeue_nonblocking
112 #define __cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_nonblocking \
113 ___cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_nonblocking
114 #define __cds_wfcq_splice_nonblocking ___cds_wfcq_splice_nonblocking
115 #define __cds_wfcq_first_nonblocking ___cds_wfcq_first_nonblocking
116 #define __cds_wfcq_next_nonblocking ___cds_wfcq_next_nonblocking
117
118 #else /* !_LGPL_SOURCE */
119
120 /*
121 * Mutual exclusion of cds_wfcq_* / __cds_wfcq_* API
122 *
123 * Synchronization table:
124 *
125 * External synchronization techniques described in the API below is
126 * required between pairs marked with "X". No external synchronization
127 * required between pairs marked with "-".
128 *
129 * Legend:
130 * [1] cds_wfcq_enqueue
131 * [2] __cds_wfcq_splice (destination queue)
132 * [3] __cds_wfcq_dequeue
133 * [4] __cds_wfcq_splice (source queue)
134 * [5] __cds_wfcq_first
135 * [6] __cds_wfcq_next
136 *
137 * [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
138 * [1] - - - - - -
139 * [2] - - - - - -
140 * [3] - - X X X X
141 * [4] - - X - X X
142 * [5] - - X X - -
143 * [6] - - X X - -
144 *
145 * Mutual exclusion can be ensured by holding cds_wfcq_dequeue_lock().
146 *
147 * For convenience, cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking() and
148 * cds_wfcq_splice_blocking() hold the dequeue lock.
149 *
150 * Besides locking, mutual exclusion of dequeue, splice and iteration
151 * can be ensured by performing all of those operations from a single
152 * thread, without requiring any lock.
153 */
154
155 /*
156 * cds_wfcq_node_init: initialize wait-free queue node.
157 */
158 extern void cds_wfcq_node_init(struct cds_wfcq_node *node);
159
160 /*
161 * cds_wfcq_init: initialize wait-free queue.
162 */
163 extern void cds_wfcq_init(struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
164 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
165
166 /*
167 * cds_wfcq_empty: return whether wait-free queue is empty.
168 *
169 * No memory barrier is issued. No mutual exclusion is required.
170 */
171 extern bool cds_wfcq_empty(struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
172 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
173
174 /*
175 * cds_wfcq_dequeue_lock: take the dequeue mutual exclusion lock.
176 */
177 extern void cds_wfcq_dequeue_lock(struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
178 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
179
180 /*
181 * cds_wfcq_dequeue_unlock: release the dequeue mutual exclusion lock.
182 */
183 extern void cds_wfcq_dequeue_unlock(struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
184 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
185
186 /*
187 * cds_wfcq_enqueue: enqueue a node into a wait-free queue.
188 *
189 * Issues a full memory barrier before enqueue. No mutual exclusion is
190 * required.
191 *
192 * Returns false if the queue was empty prior to adding the node.
193 * Returns true otherwise.
194 */
195 extern bool cds_wfcq_enqueue(struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
196 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail,
197 struct cds_wfcq_node *node);
198
199 /*
200 * cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking: dequeue a node from a wait-free queue.
201 *
202 * Content written into the node before enqueue is guaranteed to be
203 * consistent, but no other memory ordering is ensured.
204 * It is valid to reuse and free a dequeued node immediately.
205 * Mutual exclusion with cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking and dequeue lock is
206 * ensured.
207 */
208 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking(
209 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
210 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
211
212 /*
213 * cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking: dequeue with state.
214 *
215 * Same as cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking, but saves whether dequeueing the
216 * last node of the queue into state (CDS_WFCQ_STATE_LAST).
217 */
218 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking(
219 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
220 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail,
221 int *state);
222
223 /*
224 * cds_wfcq_splice_blocking: enqueue all src_q nodes at the end of dest_q.
225 *
226 * Dequeue all nodes from src_q.
227 * dest_q must be already initialized.
228 * Content written into the node before enqueue is guaranteed to be
229 * consistent, but no other memory ordering is ensured.
230 * Mutual exclusion with cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking and dequeue lock is
231 * ensured.
232 *
233 * Returns enum cds_wfcq_ret which indicates the state of the src or
234 * dest queue.
235 */
236 extern enum cds_wfcq_ret cds_wfcq_splice_blocking(
237 struct cds_wfcq_head *dest_q_head,
238 struct cds_wfcq_tail *dest_q_tail,
239 struct cds_wfcq_head *src_q_head,
240 struct cds_wfcq_tail *src_q_tail);
241
242 /*
243 * __cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking: dequeue a node from a wait-free queue.
244 *
245 * Content written into the node before enqueue is guaranteed to be
246 * consistent, but no other memory ordering is ensured.
247 * It is valid to reuse and free a dequeued node immediately.
248 * Dequeue/splice/iteration mutual exclusion should be ensured by the
249 * caller.
250 */
251 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *__cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking(
252 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
253 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
254
255 /*
256 * __cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking: dequeue with state.
257 *
258 * Same as __cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking, but saves whether dequeueing the
259 * last node of the queue into state (CDS_WFCQ_STATE_LAST).
260 */
261 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *__cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking(
262 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
263 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail,
264 int *state);
265
266 /*
267 * __cds_wfcq_dequeue_nonblocking: dequeue a node from a wait-free queue.
268 *
269 * Same as __cds_wfcq_dequeue_blocking, but returns CDS_WFCQ_WOULDBLOCK
270 * if it needs to block.
271 */
272 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *__cds_wfcq_dequeue_nonblocking(
273 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
274 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
275
276 /*
277 * __cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_blocking: dequeue with state.
278 *
279 * Same as __cds_wfcq_dequeue_nonblocking, but saves whether dequeueing
280 * the last node of the queue into state (CDS_WFCQ_STATE_LAST).
281 */
282 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *__cds_wfcq_dequeue_with_state_nonblocking(
283 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
284 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail,
285 int *state);
286
287 /*
288 * __cds_wfcq_splice_blocking: enqueue all src_q nodes at the end of dest_q.
289 *
290 * Dequeue all nodes from src_q.
291 * dest_q must be already initialized.
292 * Mutual exclusion for src_q should be ensured by the caller as
293 * specified in the "Synchronisation table".
294 * Returns enum cds_wfcq_ret which indicates the state of the src or
295 * dest queue. Never returns CDS_WFCQ_RET_WOULDBLOCK.
296 */
297 extern enum cds_wfcq_ret __cds_wfcq_splice_blocking(
298 struct cds_wfcq_head *dest_q_head,
299 struct cds_wfcq_tail *dest_q_tail,
300 struct cds_wfcq_head *src_q_head,
301 struct cds_wfcq_tail *src_q_tail);
302
303 /*
304 * __cds_wfcq_splice_nonblocking: enqueue all src_q nodes at the end of dest_q.
305 *
306 * Same as __cds_wfcq_splice_blocking, but returns
307 * CDS_WFCQ_RET_WOULDBLOCK if it needs to block.
308 */
309 extern enum cds_wfcq_ret __cds_wfcq_splice_nonblocking(
310 struct cds_wfcq_head *dest_q_head,
311 struct cds_wfcq_tail *dest_q_tail,
312 struct cds_wfcq_head *src_q_head,
313 struct cds_wfcq_tail *src_q_tail);
314
315 /*
316 * __cds_wfcq_first_blocking: get first node of a queue, without dequeuing.
317 *
318 * Content written into the node before enqueue is guaranteed to be
319 * consistent, but no other memory ordering is ensured.
320 * Dequeue/splice/iteration mutual exclusion should be ensured by the
321 * caller.
322 *
323 * Used by for-like iteration macros:
324 * __cds_wfcq_for_each_blocking()
325 * __cds_wfcq_for_each_blocking_safe()
326 *
327 * Returns NULL if queue is empty, first node otherwise.
328 */
329 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *__cds_wfcq_first_blocking(
330 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
331 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
332
333 /*
334 * __cds_wfcq_first_nonblocking: get first node of a queue, without dequeuing.
335 *
336 * Same as __cds_wfcq_first_blocking, but returns CDS_WFCQ_WOULDBLOCK if
337 * it needs to block.
338 */
339 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *__cds_wfcq_first_nonblocking(
340 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
341 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail);
342
343 /*
344 * __cds_wfcq_next_blocking: get next node of a queue, without dequeuing.
345 *
346 * Content written into the node before enqueue is guaranteed to be
347 * consistent, but no other memory ordering is ensured.
348 * Dequeue/splice/iteration mutual exclusion should be ensured by the
349 * caller.
350 *
351 * Used by for-like iteration macros:
352 * __cds_wfcq_for_each_blocking()
353 * __cds_wfcq_for_each_blocking_safe()
354 *
355 * Returns NULL if reached end of queue, non-NULL next queue node
356 * otherwise.
357 */
358 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *__cds_wfcq_next_blocking(
359 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
360 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail,
361 struct cds_wfcq_node *node);
362
363 /*
364 * __cds_wfcq_next_blocking: get next node of a queue, without dequeuing.
365 *
366 * Same as __cds_wfcq_next_blocking, but returns CDS_WFCQ_WOULDBLOCK if
367 * it needs to block.
368 */
369 extern struct cds_wfcq_node *__cds_wfcq_next_nonblocking(
370 struct cds_wfcq_head *head,
371 struct cds_wfcq_tail *tail,
372 struct cds_wfcq_node *node);
373
374 #endif /* !_LGPL_SOURCE */
375
376 /*
377 * __cds_wfcq_for_each_blocking: Iterate over all nodes in a queue,
378 * without dequeuing them.
379 * @head: head of the queue (struct cds_wfcq_head pointer).
380 * @tail: tail of the queue (struct cds_wfcq_tail pointer).
381 * @node: iterator on the queue (struct cds_wfcq_node pointer).
382 *
383 * Content written into each node before enqueue is guaranteed to be
384 * consistent, but no other memory ordering is ensured.
385 * Dequeue/splice/iteration mutual exclusion should be ensured by the
386 * caller.
387 */
388 #define __cds_wfcq_for_each_blocking(head, tail, node) \
389 for (node = __cds_wfcq_first_blocking(head, tail); \
390 node != NULL; \
391 node = __cds_wfcq_next_blocking(head, tail, node))
392
393 /*
394 * __cds_wfcq_for_each_blocking_safe: Iterate over all nodes in a queue,
395 * without dequeuing them. Safe against deletion.
396 * @head: head of the queue (struct cds_wfcq_head pointer).
397 * @tail: tail of the queue (struct cds_wfcq_tail pointer).
398 * @node: iterator on the queue (struct cds_wfcq_node pointer).
399 * @n: struct cds_wfcq_node pointer holding the next pointer (used
400 * internally).
401 *
402 * Content written into each node before enqueue is guaranteed to be
403 * consistent, but no other memory ordering is ensured.
404 * Dequeue/splice/iteration mutual exclusion should be ensured by the
405 * caller.
406 */
407 #define __cds_wfcq_for_each_blocking_safe(head, tail, node, n) \
408 for (node = __cds_wfcq_first_blocking(head, tail), \
409 n = (node ? __cds_wfcq_next_blocking(head, tail, node) : NULL); \
410 node != NULL; \
411 node = n, n = (node ? __cds_wfcq_next_blocking(head, tail, node) : NULL))
412
413 #ifdef __cplusplus
414 }
415 #endif
416
417 #endif /* _URCU_WFCQUEUE_H */
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