* Userspace RCU library - Lock-Free RCU Hash Table
*
* Copyright 2011 - Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
+ * Copyright 2011 - Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
*/
#include <stdint.h>
+#include <urcu/compiler.h>
#include <urcu-call-rcu.h>
+#include <urcu-flavor.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
- * struct cds_lfht_node and struct _cds_lfht_node should be aligned on
- * 4-bytes boundaries because the two lower bits are used as flags.
+ * cds_lfht_node: Contains the next pointers and reverse-hash
+ * value required for lookup and traversal of the hash table.
+ *
+ * struct cds_lfht_node should be aligned on 8-bytes boundaries because
+ * the three lower bits are used as flags. It is worth noting that the
+ * information contained within these three bits could be represented on
+ * two bits by re-using the same bit for REMOVAL_OWNER_FLAG and
+ * BUCKET_FLAG. This can be done if we ensure that no iterator nor
+ * updater check the BUCKET_FLAG after it detects that the REMOVED_FLAG
+ * is set. Given the minimum size of struct cds_lfht_node is 8 bytes on
+ * 32-bit architectures, we choose to go for simplicity and reserve
+ * three bits.
+ *
+ * struct cds_lfht_node can be embedded into a structure (as a field).
+ * caa_container_of() can be used to get the structure from the struct
+ * cds_lfht_node after a lookup.
+ *
+ * The structure which embeds it typically holds the key (or key-value
+ * pair) of the object. The caller code is responsible for calculation
+ * of the hash value for cds_lfht APIs.
*/
-
-struct _cds_lfht_node {
- struct cds_lfht_node *next; /* ptr | DUMMY_FLAG | REMOVED_FLAG */
- unsigned long reverse_hash;
-} __attribute__((aligned(4)));
-
struct cds_lfht_node {
- /* cache-hot for iteration */
- struct _cds_lfht_node p; /* needs to be first field */
- void *key;
- unsigned int key_len;
- /* cache-cold for iteration */
- struct rcu_head head;
-};
+ struct cds_lfht_node *next; /* ptr | REMOVAL_OWNER_FLAG | BUCKET_FLAG | REMOVED_FLAG */
+ unsigned long reverse_hash;
+} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
+/* cds_lfht_iter: Used to track state while traversing a hash chain. */
struct cds_lfht_iter {
struct cds_lfht_node *node, *next;
};
* Ensure reader and writer threads are registered as urcu readers.
*/
-typedef unsigned long (*cds_lfht_hash_fct)(void *key, size_t length,
- unsigned long seed);
-typedef unsigned long (*cds_lfht_compare_fct)(void *key1, size_t key1_len,
- void *key2, size_t key2_len);
+typedef int (*cds_lfht_match_fct)(struct cds_lfht_node *node, const void *key);
/*
* cds_lfht_node_init - initialize a hash table node
+ * @node: the node to initialize.
+ *
+ * This function is kept to be eventually used for debugging purposes
+ * (detection of memory corruption).
*/
static inline
-void cds_lfht_node_init(struct cds_lfht_node *node, void *key,
- size_t key_len)
+void cds_lfht_node_init(struct cds_lfht_node *node)
{
- node->key = key;
- node->key_len = key_len;
}
/*
*/
enum {
CDS_LFHT_AUTO_RESIZE = (1U << 0),
+ CDS_LFHT_ACCOUNTING = (1U << 1),
};
+struct cds_lfht_mm_type {
+ struct cds_lfht *(*alloc_cds_lfht)(unsigned long min_nr_alloc_buckets,
+ unsigned long max_nr_buckets);
+ void (*alloc_bucket_table)(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long order);
+ void (*free_bucket_table)(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long order);
+ struct cds_lfht_node *(*bucket_at)(struct cds_lfht *ht,
+ unsigned long index);
+};
+
+extern const struct cds_lfht_mm_type cds_lfht_mm_order;
+extern const struct cds_lfht_mm_type cds_lfht_mm_chunk;
+extern const struct cds_lfht_mm_type cds_lfht_mm_mmap;
+
/*
* _cds_lfht_new - API used by cds_lfht_new wrapper. Do not use directly.
*/
-struct cds_lfht *_cds_lfht_new(cds_lfht_hash_fct hash_fct,
- cds_lfht_compare_fct compare_fct,
- unsigned long hash_seed,
- unsigned long init_size,
+extern
+struct cds_lfht *_cds_lfht_new(unsigned long init_size,
+ unsigned long min_nr_alloc_buckets,
+ unsigned long max_nr_buckets,
int flags,
- void (*cds_lfht_call_rcu)(struct rcu_head *head,
- void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head)),
- void (*cds_lfht_synchronize_rcu)(void),
- void (*cds_lfht_rcu_read_lock)(void),
- void (*cds_lfht_rcu_read_unlock)(void),
- void (*cds_lfht_rcu_thread_offline)(void),
- void (*cds_lfht_rcu_thread_online)(void),
- void (*cds_lfht_rcu_register_thread)(void),
- void (*cds_lfht_rcu_unregister_thread)(void),
+ const struct cds_lfht_mm_type *mm,
+ const struct rcu_flavor_struct *flavor,
pthread_attr_t *attr);
/*
* cds_lfht_new - allocate a hash table.
- * @hash_fct: the hashing function.
- * @compare_fct: the key comparison function.
- * @hash_seed: the seed for hash function.
- * @init_size: number of nodes to allocate initially. Must be power of two.
+ * @init_size: number of buckets to allocate initially. Must be power of two.
+ * @min_nr_alloc_buckets: the minimum number of allocated buckets.
+ * (must be power of two)
+ * @max_nr_buckets: the maximum number of hash table buckets allowed.
+ * (must be power of two, 0 is accepted, means
+ * "infinite")
* @flags: hash table creation flags (can be combined with bitwise or: '|').
* 0: no flags.
* CDS_LFHT_AUTO_RESIZE: automatically resize hash table.
+ * CDS_LFHT_ACCOUNTING: count the number of node addition
+ * and removal in the table
* @attr: optional resize worker thread attributes. NULL for default.
*
* Return NULL on error.
* this priority level. Having lower priority for call_rcu and resize threads
* does not pose any correctness issue, but the resize operations could be
* starved by updates, thus leading to long hash table bucket chains.
+ * Threads calling cds_lfht_new are NOT required to be registered RCU
+ * read-side threads. It can be called very early. (e.g. before RCU is
+ * initialized)
*/
static inline
-struct cds_lfht *cds_lfht_new(cds_lfht_hash_fct hash_fct,
- cds_lfht_compare_fct compare_fct,
- unsigned long hash_seed,
- unsigned long init_size,
+struct cds_lfht *cds_lfht_new(unsigned long init_size,
+ unsigned long min_nr_alloc_buckets,
+ unsigned long max_nr_buckets,
int flags,
pthread_attr_t *attr)
{
- return _cds_lfht_new(hash_fct, compare_fct, hash_seed,
- init_size, flags,
- call_rcu, synchronize_rcu, rcu_read_lock,
- rcu_read_unlock, rcu_thread_offline,
- rcu_thread_online, rcu_register_thread,
- rcu_unregister_thread, attr);
+ return _cds_lfht_new(init_size, min_nr_alloc_buckets, max_nr_buckets,
+ flags, NULL, &rcu_flavor, attr);
}
/*
* @ht: the hash table to destroy.
* @attr: (output) resize worker thread attributes, as received by cds_lfht_new.
* The caller will typically want to free this pointer if dynamically
- * allocated.
+ * allocated. The attr point can be NULL if the caller does not
+ * need to be informed of the value passed to cds_lfht_new().
*
* Return 0 on success, negative error value on error.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
+ * cds_lfht_destroy should *not* be called from a RCU read-side critical
+ * section. It should *not* be called from a call_rcu thread context
+ * neither.
*/
+extern
int cds_lfht_destroy(struct cds_lfht *ht, pthread_attr_t **attr);
/*
* cds_lfht_count_nodes - count the number of nodes in the hash table.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @split_count_before: sample the node count split-counter before traversal.
+ * @count: traverse the hash table, count the number of nodes observed.
+ * @split_count_after: sample the node count split-counter after traversal.
*
* Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
*/
+extern
void cds_lfht_count_nodes(struct cds_lfht *ht,
- long *approx_before,
+ long *split_count_before,
unsigned long *count,
- unsigned long *removed,
- long *approx_after);
+ long *split_count_after);
/*
* cds_lfht_lookup - lookup a node by key.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @hash: the key hash.
+ * @match: the key match function.
+ * @key: the current node key.
+ * @iter: node, if found (output). *iter->node set to NULL if not found.
*
- * Output in "*iter". *iter->node set to NULL if not found.
* Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
+ * This function acts as a rcu_dereference() to read the node pointer.
*/
-void cds_lfht_lookup(struct cds_lfht *ht, void *key, size_t key_len,
+extern
+void cds_lfht_lookup(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long hash,
+ cds_lfht_match_fct match, const void *key,
struct cds_lfht_iter *iter);
/*
- * cds_lfht_next - get the next item with same key (after a lookup).
+ * cds_lfht_next_duplicate - get the next item with same key, after iterator.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @match: the key match function.
+ * @key: the current node key.
+ * @iter: input: current iterator.
+ * output: node, if found. *iter->node set to NULL if not found.
*
- * Uses an iterator initialized by a lookup.
+ * Uses an iterator initialized by a lookup or traversal. Important: the
+ * iterator _needs_ to be initialized before calling
+ * cds_lfht_next_duplicate.
* Sets *iter-node to the following node with same key.
* Sets *iter->node to NULL if no following node exists with same key.
* RCU read-side lock must be held across cds_lfht_lookup and
* cds_lfht_next calls, and also between cds_lfht_next calls using the
* node returned by a previous cds_lfht_next.
* Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
+ * This function acts as a rcu_dereference() to read the node pointer.
+ */
+extern
+void cds_lfht_next_duplicate(struct cds_lfht *ht,
+ cds_lfht_match_fct match, const void *key,
+ struct cds_lfht_iter *iter);
+
+/*
+ * cds_lfht_first - get the first node in the table.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @iter: First node, if exists (output). *iter->node set to NULL if not found.
+ *
+ * Output in "*iter". *iter->node set to NULL if table is empty.
+ * Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
+ * This function acts as a rcu_dereference() to read the node pointer.
+ */
+extern
+void cds_lfht_first(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_iter *iter);
+
+/*
+ * cds_lfht_next - get the next node in the table.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @iter: input: current iterator.
+ * output: next node, if exists. *iter->node set to NULL if not found.
+ *
+ * Input/Output in "*iter". *iter->node set to NULL if *iter was
+ * pointing to the last table node.
+ * Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
+ * This function acts as a rcu_dereference() to read the node pointer.
*/
+extern
void cds_lfht_next(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_iter *iter);
/*
* cds_lfht_add - add a node to the hash table.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @hash: the key hash.
+ * @node: the node to add.
*
- * Call with rcu_read_lock held.
* This function supports adding redundant keys into the table.
+ * Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
+ * This function issues a full memory barrier before and after its
+ * atomic commit.
*/
-void cds_lfht_add(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_node *node);
+extern
+void cds_lfht_add(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long hash,
+ struct cds_lfht_node *node);
/*
* cds_lfht_add_unique - add a node to hash table, if key is not present.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @hash: the node's hash.
+ * @match: the key match function.
+ * @key: the node's key.
+ * @node: the node to try adding.
*
* Return the node added upon success.
* Return the unique node already present upon failure. If
* cds_lfht_add_unique fails, the node passed as parameter should be
- * freed by the caller.
+ * freed by the caller. In this case, the caller does NOT need to wait
+ * for a grace period before freeing the node.
* Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
*
* The semantic of this function is that if only this function is used
* to add keys into the table, no duplicated keys should ever be
* observable in the table. The same guarantee apply for combination of
* add_unique and add_replace (see below).
+ *
+ * Upon success, this function issues a full memory barrier before and
+ * after its atomic commit. Upon failure, this function acts like a
+ * simple lookup operation: it acts as a rcu_dereference() to read the
+ * node pointer. The failure case does not guarantee any other memory
+ * barrier.
*/
+extern
struct cds_lfht_node *cds_lfht_add_unique(struct cds_lfht *ht,
+ unsigned long hash,
+ cds_lfht_match_fct match,
+ const void *key,
struct cds_lfht_node *node);
/*
* cds_lfht_add_replace - replace or add a node within hash table.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @hash: the node's hash.
+ * @match: the key match function.
+ * @key: the node's key.
+ * @node: the node to add.
*
* Return the node replaced upon success. If no node matching the key
* was present, return NULL, which also means the operation succeeded.
* This replacement operation should never fail.
* Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
* After successful replacement, a grace period must be waited for before
* freeing the memory reserved for the returned node.
*
- * The semantic of replacement vs lookups is the following: if lookups
- * are performed between a key unique insertion and its removal, we
- * guarantee that the lookups and get next will always find exactly one
- * instance of the key if it is replaced concurrently with the lookups.
+ * The semantic of replacement vs lookups and traversals is the
+ * following: if lookups and traversals are performed between a key
+ * unique insertion and its removal, we guarantee that the lookups and
+ * traversals will always find exactly one instance of the key if it is
+ * replaced concurrently with the lookups.
*
* Providing this semantic allows us to ensure that replacement-only
* schemes will never generate duplicated keys. It also allows us to
* guarantee that a combination of add_replace and add_unique updates
* will never generate duplicated keys.
+ *
+ * This function issues a full memory barrier before and after its
+ * atomic commit.
*/
+extern
struct cds_lfht_node *cds_lfht_add_replace(struct cds_lfht *ht,
+ unsigned long hash,
+ cds_lfht_match_fct match,
+ const void *key,
struct cds_lfht_node *node);
/*
- * cds_lfht_replace - replace a node pointer to by iter within hash table.
+ * cds_lfht_replace - replace a node pointed to by iter within hash table.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @old_iter: the iterator position of the node to replace.
+ * @hash: the node's hash.
+ * @match: the key match function.
+ * @key: the node's key.
+ * @new_node: the new node to use as replacement.
*
* Return 0 if replacement is successful, negative value otherwise.
- * Replacing a NULL old node or an already removed node will fail with a
- * negative value.
+ * Replacing a NULL old node or an already removed node will fail with
+ * -ENOENT.
+ * If the hash or value of the node to replace and the new node differ,
+ * this function returns -EINVAL without proceeding to the replacement.
* Old node can be looked up with cds_lfht_lookup and cds_lfht_next.
* RCU read-side lock must be held between lookup and replacement.
* Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
* After successful replacement, a grace period must be waited for before
* freeing the memory reserved for the old node (which can be accessed
* with cds_lfht_iter_get_node).
*
- * The semantic of replacement vs lookups is the following: if lookups
- * are performed between a key unique insertion and its removal, we
- * guarantee that the lookups and get next will always find exactly one
- * instance of the key if it is replaced concurrently with the lookups.
+ * The semantic of replacement vs lookups is the same as
+ * cds_lfht_add_replace().
*
- * Providing this semantic allows us to ensure that replacement-only
- * schemes will never generate duplicated keys. It also allows us to
- * guarantee that a combination of add_replace and add_unique updates
- * will never generate duplicated keys.
+ * Upon success, this function issues a full memory barrier before and
+ * after its atomic commit. Upon failure, this function does not issue
+ * any memory barrier.
*/
-int cds_lfht_replace(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_iter *old_iter,
+extern
+int cds_lfht_replace(struct cds_lfht *ht,
+ struct cds_lfht_iter *old_iter,
+ unsigned long hash,
+ cds_lfht_match_fct match,
+ const void *key,
struct cds_lfht_node *new_node);
/*
* cds_lfht_del - remove node pointed to by iterator from hash table.
+ * @ht: the hash table.
+ * @node: the node to delete.
*
* Return 0 if the node is successfully removed, negative value
* otherwise.
- * Replacing a NULL node or an already removed node will fail with a
+ * Deleting a NULL node or an already removed node will fail with a
* negative value.
- * Node can be looked up with cds_lfht_lookup and cds_lfht_next.
- * cds_lfht_iter_get_node.
+ * Node can be looked up with cds_lfht_lookup and cds_lfht_next,
+ * followed by use of cds_lfht_iter_get_node.
* RCU read-side lock must be held between lookup and removal.
* Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
* After successful removal, a grace period must be waited for before
* freeing the memory reserved for old node (which can be accessed with
* cds_lfht_iter_get_node).
+ * Upon success, this function issues a full memory barrier before and
+ * after its atomic commit. Upon failure, this function does not issue
+ * any memory barrier.
*/
-int cds_lfht_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_iter *iter);
+extern
+int cds_lfht_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_node *node);
+
+/*
+ * cds_lfht_is_node_deleted - query whether a node is removed from hash table.
+ *
+ * Return non-zero if the node is deleted from the hash table, 0
+ * otherwise.
+ * Node can be looked up with cds_lfht_lookup and cds_lfht_next,
+ * followed by use of cds_lfht_iter_get_node.
+ * RCU read-side lock must be held between lookup and call to this
+ * function.
+ * Call with rcu_read_lock held.
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
+ * This function does not issue any memory barrier.
+ */
+extern
+int cds_lfht_is_node_deleted(struct cds_lfht_node *node);
/*
* cds_lfht_resize - Force a hash table resize
+ * @ht: the hash table.
* @new_size: update to this hash table size.
+ *
+ * Threads calling this API need to be registered RCU read-side threads.
+ * This function does not (necessarily) issue memory barriers.
+ * cds_lfht_resize should *not* be called from a RCU read-side critical
+ * section.
*/
+extern
void cds_lfht_resize(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long new_size);
+/*
+ * Note: it is safe to perform element removal (del), replacement, or
+ * any hash table update operation during any of the following hash
+ * table traversals.
+ * These functions act as rcu_dereference() to read the node pointers.
+ */
+#define cds_lfht_for_each(ht, iter, node) \
+ for (cds_lfht_first(ht, iter), \
+ node = cds_lfht_iter_get_node(iter); \
+ node != NULL; \
+ cds_lfht_next(ht, iter), \
+ node = cds_lfht_iter_get_node(iter))
+
+#define cds_lfht_for_each_duplicate(ht, hash, match, key, iter, node) \
+ for (cds_lfht_lookup(ht, hash, match, key, iter), \
+ node = cds_lfht_iter_get_node(iter); \
+ node != NULL; \
+ cds_lfht_next_duplicate(ht, match, key, iter), \
+ node = cds_lfht_iter_get_node(iter))
+
+#define cds_lfht_for_each_entry(ht, iter, pos, member) \
+ for (cds_lfht_first(ht, iter), \
+ pos = caa_container_of(cds_lfht_iter_get_node(iter), \
+ __typeof__(*(pos)), member); \
+ &(pos)->member != NULL; \
+ cds_lfht_next(ht, iter), \
+ pos = caa_container_of(cds_lfht_iter_get_node(iter), \
+ __typeof__(*(pos)), member))
+
+#define cds_lfht_for_each_entry_duplicate(ht, hash, match, key, \
+ iter, pos, member) \
+ for (cds_lfht_lookup(ht, hash, match, key, iter), \
+ pos = caa_container_of(cds_lfht_iter_get_node(iter), \
+ __typeof__(*(pos)), member); \
+ &(pos)->member != NULL; \
+ cds_lfht_next_duplicate(ht, match, key, iter), \
+ pos = caa_container_of(cds_lfht_iter_get_node(iter), \
+ __typeof__(*(pos)), member))
+
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
projects / urcu.git / blobdiff