Merge branch 'master' into urcu/ht-shrink
[urcu.git] / rculfhash.c
index 18a3cb89c8b273b81757fd763f4b472d8301e6d6..600feecfa8f4f8230eede1683cf79cff14a0333f 100644 (file)
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
  *   operation.
  * - The resize operation for larger tables (and available through an
  *   API) allows both expanding and shrinking the hash table.
- * - Per-CPU Split-counters are used to keep track of the number of
+ * - Split-counters are used to keep track of the number of
  *   nodes within the hash table for automatic resize triggering.
  * - Resize operation initiated by long chain detection is executed by a
  *   call_rcu thread, which keeps lock-freedom of add and remove.
 #endif
 
 /*
- * Per-CPU split-counters lazily update the global counter each 1024
+ * Split-counters lazily update the global counter each 1024
  * addition/removal. It automatically keeps track of resize required.
  * We use the bucket length as indicator for need to expand for small
  * tables and machines lacking per-cpu data suppport.
  */
 #define COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER             10
+#define DEFAULT_SPLIT_COUNT_MASK       0xFUL
 #define CHAIN_LEN_TARGET               1
 #define CHAIN_LEN_RESIZE_THRESHOLD     3
 
 /* Value of the end pointer. Should not interact with flags. */
 #define END_VALUE              NULL
 
+/*
+ * ht_items_count: Split-counters counting the number of node addition
+ * and removal in the table. Only used if the CDS_LFHT_ACCOUNTING flag
+ * is set at hash table creation.
+ *
+ * These are free-running counters, never reset to zero. They count the
+ * number of add/remove, and trigger every (1 << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER)
+ * operations to update the global counter. We choose a power-of-2 value
+ * for the trigger to deal with 32 or 64-bit overflow of the counter.
+ */
 struct ht_items_count {
        unsigned long add, del;
 } __attribute__((aligned(CAA_CACHE_LINE_SIZE)));
 
+/*
+ * rcu_level: Contains the per order-index-level dummy node table. The
+ * size of each dummy node table is half the number of hashes contained
+ * in this order (except for order 0). The minimum allocation size
+ * parameter allows combining the dummy node arrays of the lowermost
+ * levels to improve cache locality for small index orders.
+ */
 struct rcu_level {
        /* Note: manually update allocation length when adding a field */
        struct _cds_lfht_node nodes[0];
 };
 
+/*
+ * rcu_table: Contains the size and desired new size if a resize
+ * operation is in progress, as well as the statically-sized array of
+ * rcu_level pointers.
+ */
 struct rcu_table {
        unsigned long size;     /* always a power of 2, shared (RCU) */
        unsigned long resize_target;
@@ -237,10 +260,17 @@ struct rcu_table {
        struct rcu_level *tbl[MAX_TABLE_ORDER];
 };
 
+/*
+ * cds_lfht: Top-level data structure representing a lock-free hash
+ * table. Defined in the implementation file to make it be an opaque
+ * cookie to users.
+ */
 struct cds_lfht {
        struct rcu_table t;
        cds_lfht_hash_fct hash_fct;
        cds_lfht_compare_fct compare_fct;
+       unsigned long min_alloc_order;
+       unsigned long min_alloc_size;
        unsigned long hash_seed;
        int flags;
        /*
@@ -263,14 +293,23 @@ struct cds_lfht {
        void (*cds_lfht_rcu_unregister_thread)(void);
        pthread_attr_t *resize_attr;    /* Resize threads attributes */
        long count;                     /* global approximate item count */
-       struct ht_items_count *percpu_count;    /* per-cpu item count */
+       struct ht_items_count *split_count;     /* split item count */
 };
 
+/*
+ * rcu_resize_work: Contains arguments passed to RCU worker thread
+ * responsible for performing lazy resize.
+ */
 struct rcu_resize_work {
        struct rcu_head head;
        struct cds_lfht *ht;
 };
 
+/*
+ * partition_resize_work: Contains arguments passed to worker threads
+ * executing the hash table resize on partitions of the hash table
+ * assigned to each processor's worker thread.
+ */
 struct partition_resize_work {
        pthread_t thread_id;
        struct cds_lfht *ht;
@@ -451,7 +490,7 @@ unsigned int fls_u32(uint32_t x)
 
 unsigned int fls_ulong(unsigned long x)
 {
-#if (CAA_BITS_PER_lONG == 32)
+#if (CAA_BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
        return fls_u32(x);
 #else
        return fls_u64(x);
@@ -483,97 +522,115 @@ int get_count_order_ulong(unsigned long x)
 }
 
 #ifdef POISON_FREE
-#define poison_free(ptr)                               \
-       do {                                            \
-               memset(ptr, 0x42, sizeof(*(ptr)));      \
-               free(ptr);                              \
+#define poison_free(ptr)                                       \
+       do {                                                    \
+               if (ptr) {                                      \
+                       memset(ptr, 0x42, sizeof(*(ptr)));      \
+                       free(ptr);                              \
+               }                                               \
        } while (0)
 #else
 #define poison_free(ptr)       free(ptr)
 #endif
 
 static
-void cds_lfht_resize_lazy(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, int growth);
-
-/*
- * If the sched_getcpu() and sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF) calls are
- * available, then we support hash table item accounting.
- * In the unfortunate event the number of CPUs reported would be
- * inaccurate, we use modulo arithmetic on the number of CPUs we got.
- */
-#if defined(HAVE_SCHED_GETCPU) && defined(HAVE_SYSCONF)
+void cds_lfht_resize_lazy_grow(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, int growth);
 
 static
 void cds_lfht_resize_lazy_count(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size,
                                unsigned long count);
 
 static long nr_cpus_mask = -1;
+static long split_count_mask = -1;
+
+#if defined(HAVE_SYSCONF)
+static void ht_init_nr_cpus_mask(void)
+{
+       long maxcpus;
+
+       maxcpus = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF);
+       if (maxcpus <= 0) {
+               nr_cpus_mask = -2;
+               return;
+       }
+       /*
+        * round up number of CPUs to next power of two, so we
+        * can use & for modulo.
+        */
+       maxcpus = 1UL << get_count_order_ulong(maxcpus);
+       nr_cpus_mask = maxcpus - 1;
+}
+#else /* #if defined(HAVE_SYSCONF) */
+static void ht_init_nr_cpus_mask(void)
+{
+       nr_cpus_mask = -2;
+}
+#endif /* #else #if defined(HAVE_SYSCONF) */
 
 static
-struct ht_items_count *alloc_per_cpu_items_count(void)
+void alloc_split_items_count(struct cds_lfht *ht)
 {
        struct ht_items_count *count;
 
-       switch (nr_cpus_mask) {
-       case -2:
-               return NULL;
-       case -1:
-       {
-               long maxcpus;
-
-               maxcpus = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF);
-               if (maxcpus <= 0) {
-                       nr_cpus_mask = -2;
-                       return NULL;
-               }
-               /*
-                * round up number of CPUs to next power of two, so we
-                * can use & for modulo.
-                */
-               maxcpus = 1UL << get_count_order_ulong(maxcpus);
-               nr_cpus_mask = maxcpus - 1;
+       if (nr_cpus_mask == -1) {
+               ht_init_nr_cpus_mask();
+               if (nr_cpus_mask < 0)
+                       split_count_mask = DEFAULT_SPLIT_COUNT_MASK;
+               else
+                       split_count_mask = nr_cpus_mask;
        }
-               /* Fall-through */
-       default:
-               return calloc(nr_cpus_mask + 1, sizeof(*count));
+
+       assert(split_count_mask >= 0);
+
+       if (ht->flags & CDS_LFHT_ACCOUNTING) {
+               ht->split_count = calloc(split_count_mask + 1, sizeof(*count));
+               assert(ht->split_count);
+       } else {
+               ht->split_count = NULL;
        }
 }
 
 static
-void free_per_cpu_items_count(struct ht_items_count *count)
+void free_split_items_count(struct cds_lfht *ht)
 {
-       poison_free(count);
+       poison_free(ht->split_count);
 }
 
+#if defined(HAVE_SCHED_GETCPU)
 static
-int ht_get_cpu(void)
+int ht_get_split_count_index(unsigned long hash)
 {
        int cpu;
 
-       assert(nr_cpus_mask >= 0);
+       assert(split_count_mask >= 0);
        cpu = sched_getcpu();
-       if (unlikely(cpu < 0))
-               return cpu;
+       if (caa_unlikely(cpu < 0))
+               return hash & split_count_mask;
        else
-               return cpu & nr_cpus_mask;
+               return cpu & split_count_mask;
+}
+#else /* #if defined(HAVE_SCHED_GETCPU) */
+static
+int ht_get_split_count_index(unsigned long hash)
+{
+       return hash & split_count_mask;
 }
+#endif /* #else #if defined(HAVE_SCHED_GETCPU) */
 
 static
-void ht_count_add(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size)
+void ht_count_add(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, unsigned long hash)
 {
-       unsigned long percpu_count;
-       int cpu;
+       unsigned long split_count;
+       int index;
 
-       if (unlikely(!ht->percpu_count))
+       if (caa_unlikely(!ht->split_count))
                return;
-       cpu = ht_get_cpu();
-       if (unlikely(cpu < 0))
-               return;
-       percpu_count = uatomic_add_return(&ht->percpu_count[cpu].add, 1);
-       if (unlikely(!(percpu_count & ((1UL << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER) - 1)))) {
+       index = ht_get_split_count_index(hash);
+       split_count = uatomic_add_return(&ht->split_count[index].add, 1);
+       if (caa_unlikely(!(split_count & ((1UL << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER) - 1)))) {
                long count;
 
-               dbg_printf("add percpu %lu\n", percpu_count);
+               dbg_printf("add split count %lu\n", split_count);
                count = uatomic_add_return(&ht->count,
                                           1UL << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER);
                /* If power of 2 */
@@ -588,21 +645,19 @@ void ht_count_add(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size)
 }
 
 static
-void ht_count_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size)
+void ht_count_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, unsigned long hash)
 {
-       unsigned long percpu_count;
-       int cpu;
+       unsigned long split_count;
+       int index;
 
-       if (unlikely(!ht->percpu_count))
+       if (caa_unlikely(!ht->split_count))
                return;
-       cpu = ht_get_cpu();
-       if (unlikely(cpu < 0))
-               return;
-       percpu_count = uatomic_add_return(&ht->percpu_count[cpu].del, 1);
-       if (unlikely(!(percpu_count & ((1UL << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER) - 1)))) {
+       index = ht_get_split_count_index(hash);
+       split_count = uatomic_add_return(&ht->split_count[index].del, 1);
+       if (caa_unlikely(!(split_count & ((1UL << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER) - 1)))) {
                long count;
 
-               dbg_printf("del percpu %lu\n", percpu_count);
+               dbg_printf("del split count %lu\n", split_count);
                count = uatomic_add_return(&ht->count,
                                           -(1UL << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER));
                /* If power of 2 */
@@ -614,7 +669,7 @@ void ht_count_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size)
                         * Don't shrink table if the number of nodes is below a
                         * certain threshold.
                         */
-                       if (count < (1UL << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER) * (nr_cpus_mask + 1))
+                       if (count < (1UL << COUNT_COMMIT_ORDER) * (split_count_mask + 1))
                                return;
                        cds_lfht_resize_lazy_count(ht, size,
                                count >> (CHAIN_LEN_TARGET - 1));
@@ -622,34 +677,6 @@ void ht_count_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size)
        }
 }
 
-#else /* #if defined(HAVE_SCHED_GETCPU) && defined(HAVE_SYSCONF) */
-
-static const long nr_cpus_mask = -2;
-
-static
-struct ht_items_count *alloc_per_cpu_items_count(void)
-{
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-static
-void free_per_cpu_items_count(struct ht_items_count *count)
-{
-}
-
-static
-void ht_count_add(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size)
-{
-}
-
-static
-void ht_count_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size)
-{
-}
-
-#endif /* #else #if defined(HAVE_SCHED_GETCPU) && defined(HAVE_SYSCONF) */
-
-
 static
 void check_resize(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, uint32_t chain_len)
 {
@@ -668,7 +695,7 @@ void check_resize(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, uint32_t chain_len)
                dbg_printf("WARNING: large chain length: %u.\n",
                           chain_len);
        if (chain_len >= CHAIN_LEN_RESIZE_THRESHOLD)
-               cds_lfht_resize_lazy(ht, size,
+               cds_lfht_resize_lazy_grow(ht, size,
                        get_count_order_u32(chain_len - (CHAIN_LEN_TARGET - 1)));
 }
 
@@ -715,7 +742,8 @@ int is_end(struct cds_lfht_node *node)
 }
 
 static
-unsigned long _uatomic_max(unsigned long *ptr, unsigned long v)
+unsigned long _uatomic_xchg_monotonic_increase(unsigned long *ptr,
+               unsigned long v)
 {
        unsigned long old1, old2;
 
@@ -725,7 +753,7 @@ unsigned long _uatomic_max(unsigned long *ptr, unsigned long v)
                if (old2 >= v)
                        return old2;
        } while ((old1 = uatomic_cmpxchg(ptr, old2, v)) != old2);
-       return v;
+       return old2;
 }
 
 static
@@ -736,17 +764,21 @@ struct _cds_lfht_node *lookup_bucket(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size,
 
        assert(size > 0);
        index = hash & (size - 1);
+
+       if (index < ht->min_alloc_size) {
+               dbg_printf("lookup hash %lu index %lu order 0 aridx 0\n",
+                          hash, index);
+               return &ht->t.tbl[0]->nodes[index];
+       }
        /*
         * equivalent to get_count_order_ulong(index + 1), but optimizes
         * away the non-existing 0 special-case for
         * get_count_order_ulong.
         */
        order = fls_ulong(index);
-
        dbg_printf("lookup hash %lu index %lu order %lu aridx %lu\n",
-                  hash, index, order, index & (!order ? 0 : ((1UL << (order - 1)) - 1)));
-
-       return &ht->t.tbl[order]->nodes[index & (!order ? 0 : ((1UL << (order - 1)) - 1))];
+                  hash, index, order, index & ((1UL << (order - 1)) - 1));
+       return &ht->t.tbl[order]->nodes[index & ((1UL << (order - 1)) - 1)];
 }
 
 /*
@@ -775,12 +807,12 @@ void _cds_lfht_gc_bucket(struct cds_lfht_node *dummy, struct cds_lfht_node *node
                 */
                assert(dummy != node);
                for (;;) {
-                       if (unlikely(is_end(iter)))
+                       if (caa_unlikely(is_end(iter)))
                                return;
-                       if (likely(clear_flag(iter)->p.reverse_hash > node->p.reverse_hash))
+                       if (caa_likely(clear_flag(iter)->p.reverse_hash > node->p.reverse_hash))
                                return;
                        next = rcu_dereference(clear_flag(iter)->p.next);
-                       if (likely(is_removed(next)))
+                       if (caa_likely(is_removed(next)))
                                break;
                        iter_prev = clear_flag(iter);
                        iter = next;
@@ -871,12 +903,6 @@ void _cds_lfht_add(struct cds_lfht *ht,
 
        assert(!is_dummy(node));
        assert(!is_removed(node));
-       if (!size) {
-               assert(dummy);
-               assert(!unique_ret);
-               node->p.next = flag_dummy(get_end());
-               return;         /* Initial first add (head) */
-       }
        lookup = lookup_bucket(ht, size, bit_reverse_ulong(node->p.reverse_hash));
        for (;;) {
                uint32_t chain_len = 0;
@@ -890,26 +916,42 @@ void _cds_lfht_add(struct cds_lfht *ht,
                iter = rcu_dereference(iter_prev->p.next);
                assert(iter_prev->p.reverse_hash <= node->p.reverse_hash);
                for (;;) {
-                       if (unlikely(is_end(iter)))
+                       if (caa_unlikely(is_end(iter)))
                                goto insert;
-                       if (likely(clear_flag(iter)->p.reverse_hash > node->p.reverse_hash))
+                       if (caa_likely(clear_flag(iter)->p.reverse_hash > node->p.reverse_hash))
                                goto insert;
+
                        /* dummy node is the first node of the identical-hash-value chain */
                        if (dummy && clear_flag(iter)->p.reverse_hash == node->p.reverse_hash)
                                goto insert;
+
                        next = rcu_dereference(clear_flag(iter)->p.next);
-                       if (unlikely(is_removed(next)))
+                       if (caa_unlikely(is_removed(next)))
                                goto gc_node;
+
+                       /* uniquely add */
                        if (unique_ret
                            && !is_dummy(next)
-                           && clear_flag(iter)->p.reverse_hash == node->p.reverse_hash
-                           && !ht->compare_fct(node->key, node->key_len,
-                                               clear_flag(iter)->key,
-                                               clear_flag(iter)->key_len)) {
-                               unique_ret->node = clear_flag(iter);
-                               unique_ret->next = next;
+                           && clear_flag(iter)->p.reverse_hash == node->p.reverse_hash) {
+                               struct cds_lfht_iter d_iter = { .node = node, .next = iter, };
+
+                               /*
+                                * uniquely adding inserts the node as the first
+                                * node of the identical-hash-value node chain.
+                                *
+                                * This semantic ensures no duplicated keys
+                                * should ever be observable in the table
+                                * (including observe one node by one node
+                                * by forward iterations)
+                                */
+                               cds_lfht_next_duplicate(ht, &d_iter);
+                               if (!d_iter.node)
+                                       goto insert;
+
+                               *unique_ret = d_iter;
                                return;
                        }
+
                        /* Only account for identical reverse hash once */
                        if (iter_prev->p.reverse_hash != clear_flag(iter)->p.reverse_hash
                            && !is_dummy(next))
@@ -974,7 +1016,7 @@ int _cds_lfht_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size,
                struct cds_lfht_node *new_next;
 
                next = old;
-               if (unlikely(is_removed(next)))
+               if (caa_unlikely(is_removed(next)))
                        return -ENOENT;
                if (dummy_removal)
                        assert(is_dummy(next));
@@ -1068,16 +1110,17 @@ void init_table_populate_partition(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long i,
 {
        unsigned long j;
 
+       assert(i > ht->min_alloc_order);
        ht->cds_lfht_rcu_read_lock();
        for (j = start; j < start + len; j++) {
                struct cds_lfht_node *new_node =
                        (struct cds_lfht_node *) &ht->t.tbl[i]->nodes[j];
 
                dbg_printf("init populate: i %lu j %lu hash %lu\n",
-                          i, j, !i ? 0 : (1UL << (i - 1)) + j);
+                          i, j, (1UL << (i - 1)) + j);
                new_node->p.reverse_hash =
-                       bit_reverse_ulong(!i ? 0 : (1UL << (i - 1)) + j);
-               _cds_lfht_add(ht, !i ? 0 : (1UL << (i - 1)),
+                               bit_reverse_ulong((1UL << (i - 1)) + j);
+               _cds_lfht_add(ht, 1UL << (i - 1),
                                new_node, NULL, 1);
        }
        ht->cds_lfht_rcu_read_unlock();
@@ -1105,14 +1148,15 @@ void init_table(struct cds_lfht *ht,
 
        dbg_printf("init table: first_order %lu last_order %lu\n",
                   first_order, last_order);
+       assert(first_order > ht->min_alloc_order);
        for (i = first_order; i <= last_order; i++) {
                unsigned long len;
 
-               len = !i ? 1 : 1UL << (i - 1);
+               len = 1UL << (i - 1);
                dbg_printf("init order %lu len: %lu\n", i, len);
 
                /* Stop expand if the resize target changes under us */
-               if (CMM_LOAD_SHARED(ht->t.resize_target) < (!i ? 1 : (1UL << i)))
+               if (CMM_LOAD_SHARED(ht->t.resize_target) < (1UL << i))
                        break;
 
                ht->t.tbl[i] = calloc(1, len * sizeof(struct _cds_lfht_node));
@@ -1128,9 +1172,9 @@ void init_table(struct cds_lfht *ht,
                 * Update table size.
                 */
                cmm_smp_wmb();  /* populate data before RCU size */
-               CMM_STORE_SHARED(ht->t.size, !i ? 1 : (1UL << i));
+               CMM_STORE_SHARED(ht->t.size, 1UL << i);
 
-               dbg_printf("init new size: %lu\n", !i ? 1 : (1UL << i));
+               dbg_printf("init new size: %lu\n", 1UL << i);
                if (CMM_LOAD_SHARED(ht->in_progress_destroy))
                        break;
        }
@@ -1167,17 +1211,17 @@ void remove_table_partition(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long i,
 {
        unsigned long j;
 
+       assert(i > ht->min_alloc_order);
        ht->cds_lfht_rcu_read_lock();
        for (j = start; j < start + len; j++) {
                struct cds_lfht_node *fini_node =
                        (struct cds_lfht_node *) &ht->t.tbl[i]->nodes[j];
 
                dbg_printf("remove entry: i %lu j %lu hash %lu\n",
-                          i, j, !i ? 0 : (1UL << (i - 1)) + j);
+                          i, j, (1UL << (i - 1)) + j);
                fini_node->p.reverse_hash =
-                       bit_reverse_ulong(!i ? 0 : (1UL << (i - 1)) + j);
-               (void) _cds_lfht_del(ht, !i ? 0 : (1UL << (i - 1)),
-                               fini_node, 1);
+                       bit_reverse_ulong((1UL << (i - 1)) + j);
+               (void) _cds_lfht_del(ht, 1UL << (i - 1), fini_node, 1);
        }
        ht->cds_lfht_rcu_read_unlock();
 }
@@ -1205,11 +1249,11 @@ void fini_table(struct cds_lfht *ht,
 
        dbg_printf("fini table: first_order %lu last_order %lu\n",
                   first_order, last_order);
-       assert(first_order > 0);
+       assert(first_order > ht->min_alloc_order);
        for (i = last_order; i >= first_order; i--) {
                unsigned long len;
 
-               len = !i ? 1 : 1UL << (i - 1);
+               len = 1UL << (i - 1);
                dbg_printf("fini order %lu len: %lu\n", i, len);
 
                /* Stop shrink if the resize target changes under us */
@@ -1250,10 +1294,54 @@ void fini_table(struct cds_lfht *ht,
        }
 }
 
+static
+void cds_lfht_create_dummy(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size)
+{
+       struct _cds_lfht_node *prev, *node;
+       unsigned long order, len, i, j;
+
+       ht->t.tbl[0] = calloc(1, ht->min_alloc_size * sizeof(struct _cds_lfht_node));
+       assert(ht->t.tbl[0]);
+
+       dbg_printf("create dummy: order %lu index %lu hash %lu\n", 0, 0, 0);
+       ht->t.tbl[0]->nodes[0].next = flag_dummy(get_end());
+       ht->t.tbl[0]->nodes[0].reverse_hash = 0;
+
+       for (order = 1; order < get_count_order_ulong(size) + 1; order++) {
+               len = 1UL << (order - 1);
+               if (order <= ht->min_alloc_order) {
+                       ht->t.tbl[order] = (struct rcu_level *) (ht->t.tbl[0]->nodes + len);
+               } else {
+                       ht->t.tbl[order] = calloc(1, len * sizeof(struct _cds_lfht_node));
+                       assert(ht->t.tbl[order]);
+               }
+
+               i = 0;
+               prev = ht->t.tbl[i]->nodes;
+               for (j = 0; j < len; j++) {
+                       if (j & (j - 1)) {      /* Between power of 2 */
+                               prev++;
+                       } else if (j) {         /* At each power of 2 */
+                               i++;
+                               prev = ht->t.tbl[i]->nodes;
+                       }
+
+                       node = &ht->t.tbl[order]->nodes[j];
+                       dbg_printf("create dummy: order %lu index %lu hash %lu\n",
+                                  order, j, j + len);
+                       node->next = prev->next;
+                       assert(is_dummy(node->next));
+                       node->reverse_hash = bit_reverse_ulong(j + len);
+                       prev->next = flag_dummy((struct cds_lfht_node *)node);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
 struct cds_lfht *_cds_lfht_new(cds_lfht_hash_fct hash_fct,
                        cds_lfht_compare_fct compare_fct,
                        unsigned long hash_seed,
                        unsigned long init_size,
+                       unsigned long min_alloc_size,
                        int flags,
                        void (*cds_lfht_call_rcu)(struct rcu_head *head,
                                        void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head)),
@@ -1269,11 +1357,17 @@ struct cds_lfht *_cds_lfht_new(cds_lfht_hash_fct hash_fct,
        struct cds_lfht *ht;
        unsigned long order;
 
+       /* min_alloc_size must be power of two */
+       if (!min_alloc_size || (min_alloc_size & (min_alloc_size - 1)))
+               return NULL;
        /* init_size must be power of two */
-       if (init_size && (init_size & (init_size - 1)))
+       if (!init_size || (init_size & (init_size - 1)))
                return NULL;
+       min_alloc_size = max(min_alloc_size, MIN_TABLE_SIZE);
+       init_size = max(init_size, min_alloc_size);
        ht = calloc(1, sizeof(struct cds_lfht));
        assert(ht);
+       ht->flags = flags;
        ht->hash_fct = hash_fct;
        ht->compare_fct = compare_fct;
        ht->hash_seed = hash_seed;
@@ -1286,17 +1380,15 @@ struct cds_lfht *_cds_lfht_new(cds_lfht_hash_fct hash_fct,
        ht->cds_lfht_rcu_register_thread = cds_lfht_rcu_register_thread;
        ht->cds_lfht_rcu_unregister_thread = cds_lfht_rcu_unregister_thread;
        ht->resize_attr = attr;
-       ht->percpu_count = alloc_per_cpu_items_count();
+       alloc_split_items_count(ht);
        /* this mutex should not nest in read-side C.S. */
        pthread_mutex_init(&ht->resize_mutex, NULL);
-       order = get_count_order_ulong(max(init_size, MIN_TABLE_SIZE));
-       ht->flags = flags;
-       ht->cds_lfht_rcu_thread_offline();
-       pthread_mutex_lock(&ht->resize_mutex);
+       order = get_count_order_ulong(init_size);
        ht->t.resize_target = 1UL << order;
-       init_table(ht, 0, order);
-       pthread_mutex_unlock(&ht->resize_mutex);
-       ht->cds_lfht_rcu_thread_online();
+       ht->min_alloc_size = min_alloc_size;
+       ht->min_alloc_order = get_count_order_ulong(min_alloc_size);
+       cds_lfht_create_dummy(ht, 1UL << order);
+       ht->t.size = 1UL << order;
        return ht;
 }
 
@@ -1317,19 +1409,20 @@ void cds_lfht_lookup(struct cds_lfht *ht, void *key, size_t key_len,
        node = rcu_dereference(dummy_node->p.next);
        node = clear_flag(node);
        for (;;) {
-               if (unlikely(is_end(node))) {
+               if (caa_unlikely(is_end(node))) {
                        node = next = NULL;
                        break;
                }
-               if (unlikely(node->p.reverse_hash > reverse_hash)) {
+               if (caa_unlikely(node->p.reverse_hash > reverse_hash)) {
                        node = next = NULL;
                        break;
                }
                next = rcu_dereference(node->p.next);
-               if (likely(!is_removed(next))
+               assert(node == clear_flag(node));
+               if (caa_likely(!is_removed(next))
                    && !is_dummy(next)
-                   && clear_flag(node)->p.reverse_hash == reverse_hash
-                   && likely(!ht->compare_fct(node->key, node->key_len, key, key_len))) {
+                   && node->p.reverse_hash == reverse_hash
+                   && caa_likely(!ht->compare_fct(node->key, node->key_len, key, key_len))) {
                                break;
                }
                node = clear_flag(next);
@@ -1354,18 +1447,18 @@ void cds_lfht_next_duplicate(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_iter *iter)
        node = clear_flag(next);
 
        for (;;) {
-               if (unlikely(is_end(node))) {
+               if (caa_unlikely(is_end(node))) {
                        node = next = NULL;
                        break;
                }
-               if (unlikely(node->p.reverse_hash > reverse_hash)) {
+               if (caa_unlikely(node->p.reverse_hash > reverse_hash)) {
                        node = next = NULL;
                        break;
                }
                next = rcu_dereference(node->p.next);
-               if (likely(!is_removed(next))
+               if (caa_likely(!is_removed(next))
                    && !is_dummy(next)
-                   && likely(!ht->compare_fct(node->key, node->key_len, key, key_len))) {
+                   && caa_likely(!ht->compare_fct(node->key, node->key_len, key, key_len))) {
                                break;
                }
                node = clear_flag(next);
@@ -1381,12 +1474,12 @@ void cds_lfht_next(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_iter *iter)
 
        node = clear_flag(iter->next);
        for (;;) {
-               if (unlikely(is_end(node))) {
+               if (caa_unlikely(is_end(node))) {
                        node = next = NULL;
                        break;
                }
                next = rcu_dereference(node->p.next);
-               if (likely(!is_removed(next))
+               if (caa_likely(!is_removed(next))
                    && !is_dummy(next)) {
                                break;
                }
@@ -1419,7 +1512,7 @@ void cds_lfht_add(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_node *node)
 
        size = rcu_dereference(ht->t.size);
        _cds_lfht_add(ht, size, node, NULL, 0);
-       ht_count_add(ht, size);
+       ht_count_add(ht, size, hash);
 }
 
 struct cds_lfht_node *cds_lfht_add_unique(struct cds_lfht *ht,
@@ -1434,7 +1527,7 @@ struct cds_lfht_node *cds_lfht_add_unique(struct cds_lfht *ht,
        size = rcu_dereference(ht->t.size);
        _cds_lfht_add(ht, size, node, &iter, 0);
        if (iter.node == node)
-               ht_count_add(ht, size);
+               ht_count_add(ht, size, hash);
        return iter.node;
 }
 
@@ -1451,7 +1544,7 @@ struct cds_lfht_node *cds_lfht_add_replace(struct cds_lfht *ht,
        for (;;) {
                _cds_lfht_add(ht, size, node, &iter, 0);
                if (iter.node == node) {
-                       ht_count_add(ht, size);
+                       ht_count_add(ht, size, hash);
                        return NULL;
                }
 
@@ -1472,13 +1565,15 @@ int cds_lfht_replace(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_iter *old_iter,
 
 int cds_lfht_del(struct cds_lfht *ht, struct cds_lfht_iter *iter)
 {
-       unsigned long size;
+       unsigned long size, hash;
        int ret;
 
        size = rcu_dereference(ht->t.size);
        ret = _cds_lfht_del(ht, size, iter->node, 0);
-       if (!ret)
-               ht_count_del(ht, size);
+       if (!ret) {
+               hash = bit_reverse_ulong(iter->node->p.reverse_hash);
+               ht_count_del(ht, size, hash);
+       }
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1514,7 +1609,12 @@ int cds_lfht_delete_dummy(struct cds_lfht *ht)
                                bit_reverse_ulong(ht->t.tbl[order]->nodes[i].reverse_hash));
                        assert(is_dummy(ht->t.tbl[order]->nodes[i].next));
                }
-               poison_free(ht->t.tbl[order]);
+
+               if (order == ht->min_alloc_order)
+                       poison_free(ht->t.tbl[0]);
+               else if (order > ht->min_alloc_order)
+                       poison_free(ht->t.tbl[order]);
+               /* Nothing to delete for order < ht->min_alloc_order */
        }
        return 0;
 }
@@ -1535,7 +1635,7 @@ int cds_lfht_destroy(struct cds_lfht *ht, pthread_attr_t **attr)
        ret = cds_lfht_delete_dummy(ht);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
-       free_per_cpu_items_count(ht->percpu_count);
+       free_split_items_count(ht);
        if (attr)
                *attr = ht->resize_attr;
        poison_free(ht);
@@ -1553,12 +1653,12 @@ void cds_lfht_count_nodes(struct cds_lfht *ht,
        unsigned long nr_dummy = 0;
 
        *approx_before = 0;
-       if (nr_cpus_mask >= 0) {
+       if (ht->split_count) {
                int i;
 
-               for (i = 0; i < nr_cpus_mask + 1; i++) {
-                       *approx_before += uatomic_read(&ht->percpu_count[i].add);
-                       *approx_before -= uatomic_read(&ht->percpu_count[i].del);
+               for (i = 0; i < split_count_mask + 1; i++) {
+                       *approx_before += uatomic_read(&ht->split_count[i].add);
+                       *approx_before -= uatomic_read(&ht->split_count[i].del);
                }
        }
 
@@ -1583,12 +1683,12 @@ void cds_lfht_count_nodes(struct cds_lfht *ht,
        } while (!is_end(node));
        dbg_printf("number of dummy nodes: %lu\n", nr_dummy);
        *approx_after = 0;
-       if (nr_cpus_mask >= 0) {
+       if (ht->split_count) {
                int i;
 
-               for (i = 0; i < nr_cpus_mask + 1; i++) {
-                       *approx_after += uatomic_read(&ht->percpu_count[i].add);
-                       *approx_after -= uatomic_read(&ht->percpu_count[i].del);
+               for (i = 0; i < split_count_mask + 1; i++) {
+                       *approx_after += uatomic_read(&ht->split_count[i].add);
+                       *approx_after -= uatomic_read(&ht->split_count[i].del);
                }
        }
 }
@@ -1615,7 +1715,7 @@ void _do_cds_lfht_shrink(struct cds_lfht *ht,
 {
        unsigned long old_order, new_order;
 
-       new_size = max(new_size, MIN_TABLE_SIZE);
+       new_size = max(new_size, ht->min_alloc_size);
        old_order = get_count_order_ulong(old_size);
        new_order = get_count_order_ulong(new_size);
        dbg_printf("resize from %lu (order %lu) to %lu (order %lu) buckets\n",
@@ -1654,18 +1754,16 @@ void _do_cds_lfht_resize(struct cds_lfht *ht)
 }
 
 static
-unsigned long resize_target_update(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size,
-                                  int growth_order)
+unsigned long resize_target_grow(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long new_size)
 {
-       return _uatomic_max(&ht->t.resize_target,
-                           size << growth_order);
+       return _uatomic_xchg_monotonic_increase(&ht->t.resize_target, new_size);
 }
 
 static
 void resize_target_update_count(struct cds_lfht *ht,
                                unsigned long count)
 {
-       count = max(count, MIN_TABLE_SIZE);
+       count = max(count, ht->min_alloc_size);
        uatomic_set(&ht->t.resize_target, count);
 }
 
@@ -1698,15 +1796,13 @@ void do_resize_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
 }
 
 static
-void cds_lfht_resize_lazy(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, int growth)
+void __cds_lfht_resize_lazy_launch(struct cds_lfht *ht)
 {
        struct rcu_resize_work *work;
-       unsigned long target_size;
 
-       target_size = resize_target_update(ht, size, growth);
        /* Store resize_target before read resize_initiated */
        cmm_smp_mb();
-       if (!CMM_LOAD_SHARED(ht->t.resize_initiated) && size < target_size) {
+       if (!CMM_LOAD_SHARED(ht->t.resize_initiated)) {
                uatomic_inc(&ht->in_progress_resize);
                cmm_smp_mb();   /* increment resize count before load destroy */
                if (CMM_LOAD_SHARED(ht->in_progress_destroy)) {
@@ -1720,31 +1816,47 @@ void cds_lfht_resize_lazy(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, int growth)
        }
 }
 
-#if defined(HAVE_SCHED_GETCPU) && defined(HAVE_SYSCONF)
+static
+void cds_lfht_resize_lazy_grow(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size, int growth)
+{
+       unsigned long target_size = size << growth;
 
+       if (resize_target_grow(ht, target_size) >= target_size)
+               return;
+
+       __cds_lfht_resize_lazy_launch(ht);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We favor grow operations over shrink. A shrink operation never occurs
+ * if a grow operation is queued for lazy execution. A grow operation
+ * cancels any pending shrink lazy execution.
+ */
 static
 void cds_lfht_resize_lazy_count(struct cds_lfht *ht, unsigned long size,
                                unsigned long count)
 {
-       struct rcu_resize_work *work;
-
        if (!(ht->flags & CDS_LFHT_AUTO_RESIZE))
                return;
-       resize_target_update_count(ht, count);
-       /* Store resize_target before read resize_initiated */
-       cmm_smp_mb();
-       if (!CMM_LOAD_SHARED(ht->t.resize_initiated)) {
-               uatomic_inc(&ht->in_progress_resize);
-               cmm_smp_mb();   /* increment resize count before load destroy */
-               if (CMM_LOAD_SHARED(ht->in_progress_destroy)) {
-                       uatomic_dec(&ht->in_progress_resize);
+       count = max(count, ht->min_alloc_size);
+       if (count == size)
+               return;         /* Already the right size, no resize needed */
+       if (count > size) {     /* lazy grow */
+               if (resize_target_grow(ht, count) >= count)
                        return;
+       } else {                /* lazy shrink */
+               for (;;) {
+                       unsigned long s;
+
+                       s = uatomic_cmpxchg(&ht->t.resize_target, size, count);
+                       if (s == size)
+                               break;  /* no resize needed */
+                       if (s > size)
+                               return; /* growing is/(was just) in progress */
+                       if (s <= count)
+                               return; /* some other thread do shrink */
+                       size = s;
                }
-               work = malloc(sizeof(*work));
-               work->ht = ht;
-               ht->cds_lfht_call_rcu(&work->head, do_resize_cb);
-               CMM_STORE_SHARED(ht->t.resize_initiated, 1);
        }
+       __cds_lfht_resize_lazy_launch(ht);
 }
-
-#endif
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