Tests: fix randstring() with BSD `tr`

On FreeBSD, `tr` will error out with an "Illegal byte sequence"
error when it is provided with an invalid multi-byte character.
This happens regularly when its input is random.

Forcing `tr` to use the 'C' locale works around this problem as
that locale only allows single-byte characters.

Change-Id: I8d8e84fb7f356205dd45479538e5bc0bff3c1668
Signed-off-by: Michael Jeanson <mjeanson@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Jérémie Galarneau <jeremie.galarneau@efficios.com>