--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * mem.spin: Promela code to validate memory barriers with OOO memory.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2009 Mathieu Desnoyers
+ */
+
+/* Promela validation variables. */
+
+/* specific defines "included" here */
+/* DEFINES file "included" here */
+
+/* All signal readers have same PID and uses same reader variable */
+#ifdef TEST_SIGNAL_ON_WRITE
+
+#define NR_READERS 1 /* the writer is also a signal reader */
+#define NR_WRITERS 1
+
+#define NR_PROCS 1
+
+#define get_pid() (0)
+
+#elif defined(TEST_SIGNAL_ON_READ)
+
+#define get_pid() ((_pid < 2) -> 0 : 1)
+
+#define NR_READERS 1
+#define NR_WRITERS 1
+
+#define NR_PROCS 2
+
+#else
+
+#define get_pid() (_pid)
+
+#define NR_READERS 1
+#define NR_WRITERS 1
+
+#define NR_PROCS 2
+
+#endif
+
+#define get_readerid() (get_pid())
+
+/*
+ * Each process have its own data in cache. Caches are randomly updated.
+ * smp_wmb and smp_rmb forces cache updates (write and read), smp_mb forces
+ * both.
+ */
+
+typedef per_proc_byte {
+ byte val[NR_PROCS];
+};
+
+/* Bitfield has a maximum of 8 procs */
+typedef per_proc_bit {
+ byte bitfield;
+};
+
+#define DECLARE_CACHED_VAR(type, x) \
+ type mem_##x; \
+ per_proc_##type cached_##x; \
+ per_proc_bit cache_dirty_##x;
+
+#define INIT_CACHED_VAR(x, v, j) \
+ mem_##x = v; \
+ cache_dirty_##x.bitfield = 0; \
+ j = 0; \
+ do \
+ :: j < NR_PROCS -> \
+ cached_##x.val[j] = v; \
+ j++ \
+ :: j >= NR_PROCS -> break \
+ od;
+
+#define IS_CACHE_DIRTY(x, id) (cache_dirty_##x.bitfield & (1 << id))
+
+#define READ_CACHED_VAR(x) (cached_##x.val[get_pid()])
+
+#define WRITE_CACHED_VAR(x, v) \
+ atomic { \
+ cached_##x.val[get_pid()] = v; \
+ cache_dirty_##x.bitfield = \
+ cache_dirty_##x.bitfield | (1 << get_pid()); \
+ }
+
+#define CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(x, id) \
+ if \
+ :: IS_CACHE_DIRTY(x, id) -> \
+ mem_##x = cached_##x.val[id]; \
+ cache_dirty_##x.bitfield = \
+ cache_dirty_##x.bitfield & (~(1 << id)); \
+ :: else -> \
+ skip \
+ fi;
+
+#define CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(x, id) \
+ if \
+ :: !IS_CACHE_DIRTY(x, id) -> \
+ cached_##x.val[id] = mem_##x;\
+ :: else -> \
+ skip \
+ fi;
+
+/*
+ * May update other caches if cache is dirty, or not.
+ */
+#define RANDOM_CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(x, id)\
+ if \
+ :: 1 -> CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(x, id); \
+ :: 1 -> skip \
+ fi;
+
+#define RANDOM_CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(x, id)\
+ if \
+ :: 1 -> CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(x, id); \
+ :: 1 -> skip \
+ fi;
+
+/*
+ * Remote barriers tests the scheme where a signal (or IPI) is sent to all
+ * reader threads to promote their compiler barrier to a smp_mb().
+ */
+#ifdef REMOTE_BARRIERS
+
+inline smp_rmb_pid(i, j)
+{
+ atomic {
+ CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, i);
+ j = 0;
+ do
+ :: j < NR_READERS ->
+ CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_active_readers[j], i);
+ j++
+ :: j >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+ CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(generation_ptr, i);
+ }
+}
+
+inline smp_wmb_pid(i, j)
+{
+ atomic {
+ CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, i);
+ j = 0;
+ do
+ :: j < NR_READERS ->
+ CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_active_readers[j], i);
+ j++
+ :: j >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+ CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(generation_ptr, i);
+ }
+}
+
+inline smp_mb_pid(i, j)
+{
+ atomic {
+#ifndef NO_WMB
+ smp_wmb_pid(i, j);
+#endif
+#ifndef NO_RMB
+ smp_rmb_pid(i, j);
+#endif
+#ifdef NO_WMB
+#ifdef NO_RMB
+ ooo_mem(j);
+#endif
+#endif
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Readers do a simple barrier(), writers are doing a smp_mb() _and_ sending a
+ * signal or IPI to have all readers execute a smp_mb.
+ * We are not modeling the whole rendez-vous between readers and writers here,
+ * we just let the writer update each reader's caches remotely.
+ */
+inline smp_mb_writer(i, j)
+{
+ smp_mb_pid(get_pid(), j);
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ :: i < NR_READERS ->
+ smp_mb_pid(i, j);
+ i++;
+ :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+ smp_mb_pid(get_pid(), j);
+}
+
+inline smp_mb_reader(i, j)
+{
+ skip;
+}
+
+#else
+
+inline smp_rmb(i, j)
+{
+ atomic {
+ CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, get_pid());
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ :: i < NR_READERS ->
+ CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_active_readers[i], get_pid());
+ i++
+ :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+ CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(generation_ptr, get_pid());
+ }
+}
+
+inline smp_wmb(i, j)
+{
+ atomic {
+ CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, get_pid());
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ :: i < NR_READERS ->
+ CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_active_readers[i], get_pid());
+ i++
+ :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+ CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(generation_ptr, get_pid());
+ }
+}
+
+inline smp_mb(i, j)
+{
+ atomic {
+#ifndef NO_WMB
+ smp_wmb(i, j);
+#endif
+#ifndef NO_RMB
+ smp_rmb(i, j);
+#endif
+#ifdef NO_WMB
+#ifdef NO_RMB
+ ooo_mem(i);
+#endif
+#endif
+ }
+}
+
+inline smp_mb_writer(i, j)
+{
+ smp_mb(i, j);
+}
+
+inline smp_mb_reader(i, j)
+{
+ smp_mb(i, j);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/* Keep in sync manually with smp_rmb, wmp_wmb, ooo_mem and init() */
+DECLARE_CACHED_VAR(byte, urcu_gp_ctr);
+/* Note ! currently only two readers */
+DECLARE_CACHED_VAR(byte, urcu_active_readers[NR_READERS]);
+/* pointer generation */
+DECLARE_CACHED_VAR(byte, generation_ptr);
+
+byte last_free_gen = 0;
+bit free_done = 0;
+byte read_generation[NR_READERS];
+bit data_access[NR_READERS];
+
+bit write_lock = 0;
+
+bit init_done = 0;
+
+bit sighand_exec = 0;
+
+inline wait_init_done()
+{
+ do
+ :: init_done == 0 -> skip;
+ :: else -> break;
+ od;
+}
+
+#ifdef TEST_SIGNAL
+
+inline wait_for_sighand_exec()
+{
+ sighand_exec = 0;
+ do
+ :: sighand_exec == 0 -> skip;
+ :: else -> break;
+ od;
+}
+
+#ifdef TOO_BIG_STATE_SPACE
+inline wait_for_sighand_exec()
+{
+ sighand_exec = 0;
+ do
+ :: sighand_exec == 0 -> skip;
+ :: else ->
+ if
+ :: 1 -> break;
+ :: 1 -> sighand_exec = 0;
+ skip;
+ fi;
+ od;
+}
+#endif
+
+#else
+
+inline wait_for_sighand_exec()
+{
+ skip;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef TEST_SIGNAL_ON_WRITE
+/* Block on signal handler execution */
+inline dispatch_sighand_write_exec()
+{
+ sighand_exec = 1;
+ do
+ :: sighand_exec == 1 ->
+ skip;
+ :: else ->
+ break;
+ od;
+}
+
+#else
+
+inline dispatch_sighand_write_exec()
+{
+ skip;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef TEST_SIGNAL_ON_READ
+/* Block on signal handler execution */
+inline dispatch_sighand_read_exec()
+{
+ sighand_exec = 1;
+ do
+ :: sighand_exec == 1 ->
+ skip;
+ :: else ->
+ break;
+ od;
+}
+
+#else
+
+inline dispatch_sighand_read_exec()
+{
+ skip;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+inline ooo_mem(i)
+{
+ atomic {
+ RANDOM_CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, get_pid());
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ :: i < NR_READERS ->
+ RANDOM_CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_active_readers[i],
+ get_pid());
+ i++
+ :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+ RANDOM_CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(generation_ptr, get_pid());
+ RANDOM_CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, get_pid());
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ :: i < NR_READERS ->
+ RANDOM_CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_active_readers[i],
+ get_pid());
+ i++
+ :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+ RANDOM_CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(generation_ptr, get_pid());
+ }
+}
+
+inline wait_for_reader(tmp, tmp2, i, j)
+{
+ do
+ :: 1 ->
+ tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[tmp]);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ if
+ :: (tmp2 & RCU_GP_CTR_NEST_MASK)
+ && ((tmp2 ^ READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr))
+ & RCU_GP_CTR_BIT) ->
+#ifndef GEN_ERROR_WRITER_PROGRESS
+ smp_mb_writer(i, j);
+#else
+ ooo_mem(i);
+#endif
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ :: else ->
+ break;
+ fi;
+ od;
+}
+
+inline wait_for_quiescent_state(tmp, tmp2, i, j)
+{
+ tmp = 0;
+ do
+ :: tmp < NR_READERS ->
+ wait_for_reader(tmp, tmp2, i, j);
+ if
+ :: (NR_READERS > 1) && (tmp < NR_READERS - 1)
+ -> ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ :: else
+ -> skip;
+ fi;
+ tmp++
+ :: tmp >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+}
+
+/* Model the RCU read-side critical section. */
+
+#ifndef TEST_SIGNAL_ON_WRITE
+
+inline urcu_one_read(i, j, nest_i, tmp, tmp2)
+{
+ nest_i = 0;
+ do
+ :: nest_i < READER_NEST_LEVEL ->
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_read_exec();
+ tmp = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()]);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_read_exec();
+ if
+ :: (!(tmp & RCU_GP_CTR_NEST_MASK))
+ ->
+ tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_read_exec();
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()],
+ tmp2);
+ :: else ->
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()],
+ tmp + 1);
+ fi;
+ smp_mb_reader(i, j);
+ dispatch_sighand_read_exec();
+ nest_i++;
+ :: nest_i >= READER_NEST_LEVEL -> break;
+ od;
+
+ read_generation[get_readerid()] = READ_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr);
+ data_access[get_readerid()] = 1;
+ data_access[get_readerid()] = 0;
+
+ nest_i = 0;
+ do
+ :: nest_i < READER_NEST_LEVEL ->
+ smp_mb_reader(i, j);
+ dispatch_sighand_read_exec();
+ tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()]);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_read_exec();
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()], tmp2 - 1);
+ nest_i++;
+ :: nest_i >= READER_NEST_LEVEL -> break;
+ od;
+ //ooo_mem(i);
+ //dispatch_sighand_read_exec();
+ //smp_mc(i); /* added */
+}
+
+active proctype urcu_reader()
+{
+ byte i, j, nest_i;
+ byte tmp, tmp2;
+
+ wait_init_done();
+
+ assert(get_pid() < NR_PROCS);
+
+end_reader:
+ do
+ :: 1 ->
+ /*
+ * We do not test reader's progress here, because we are mainly
+ * interested in writer's progress. The reader never blocks
+ * anyway. We have to test for reader/writer's progress
+ * separately, otherwise we could think the writer is doing
+ * progress when it's blocked by an always progressing reader.
+ */
+#ifdef READER_PROGRESS
+progress_reader:
+#endif
+ urcu_one_read(i, j, nest_i, tmp, tmp2);
+ od;
+}
+
+#endif //!TEST_SIGNAL_ON_WRITE
+
+#ifdef TEST_SIGNAL
+/* signal handler reader */
+
+inline urcu_one_read_sig(i, j, nest_i, tmp, tmp2)
+{
+ nest_i = 0;
+ do
+ :: nest_i < READER_NEST_LEVEL ->
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ tmp = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()]);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ if
+ :: (!(tmp & RCU_GP_CTR_NEST_MASK))
+ ->
+ tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()],
+ tmp2);
+ :: else ->
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()],
+ tmp + 1);
+ fi;
+ smp_mb_reader(i, j);
+ nest_i++;
+ :: nest_i >= READER_NEST_LEVEL -> break;
+ od;
+
+ read_generation[get_readerid()] = READ_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr);
+ data_access[get_readerid()] = 1;
+ data_access[get_readerid()] = 0;
+
+ nest_i = 0;
+ do
+ :: nest_i < READER_NEST_LEVEL ->
+ smp_mb_reader(i, j);
+ tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()]);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()], tmp2 - 1);
+ nest_i++;
+ :: nest_i >= READER_NEST_LEVEL -> break;
+ od;
+ //ooo_mem(i);
+ //smp_mc(i); /* added */
+}
+
+active proctype urcu_reader_sig()
+{
+ byte i, j, nest_i;
+ byte tmp, tmp2;
+
+ wait_init_done();
+
+ assert(get_pid() < NR_PROCS);
+
+end_reader:
+ do
+ :: 1 ->
+ wait_for_sighand_exec();
+ /*
+ * We do not test reader's progress here, because we are mainly
+ * interested in writer's progress. The reader never blocks
+ * anyway. We have to test for reader/writer's progress
+ * separately, otherwise we could think the writer is doing
+ * progress when it's blocked by an always progressing reader.
+ */
+#ifdef READER_PROGRESS
+progress_reader:
+#endif
+ urcu_one_read_sig(i, j, nest_i, tmp, tmp2);
+ od;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/* Model the RCU update process. */
+
+active proctype urcu_writer()
+{
+ byte i, j;
+ byte tmp, tmp2;
+ byte old_gen;
+
+ wait_init_done();
+
+ assert(get_pid() < NR_PROCS);
+
+ do
+ :: (READ_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr) < 5) ->
+#ifdef WRITER_PROGRESS
+progress_writer1:
+#endif
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ atomic {
+ old_gen = READ_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr);
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr, old_gen + 1);
+ }
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+
+ do
+ :: 1 ->
+ atomic {
+ if
+ :: write_lock == 0 ->
+ write_lock = 1;
+ break;
+ :: else ->
+ skip;
+ fi;
+ }
+ od;
+ smp_mb_writer(i, j);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ tmp = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr, tmp ^ RCU_GP_CTR_BIT);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ //smp_mc(i);
+ wait_for_quiescent_state(tmp, tmp2, i, j);
+ //smp_mc(i);
+#ifndef SINGLE_FLIP
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ tmp = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr, tmp ^ RCU_GP_CTR_BIT);
+ //smp_mc(i);
+ ooo_mem(i);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ wait_for_quiescent_state(tmp, tmp2, i, j);
+#endif
+ smp_mb_writer(i, j);
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ write_lock = 0;
+ /* free-up step, e.g., kfree(). */
+ atomic {
+ last_free_gen = old_gen;
+ free_done = 1;
+ }
+ :: else -> break;
+ od;
+ /*
+ * Given the reader loops infinitely, let the writer also busy-loop
+ * with progress here so, with weak fairness, we can test the
+ * writer's progress.
+ */
+end_writer:
+ do
+ :: 1 ->
+#ifdef WRITER_PROGRESS
+progress_writer2:
+#endif
+ dispatch_sighand_write_exec();
+ od;
+}
+
+/* Leave after the readers and writers so the pid count is ok. */
+init {
+ byte i, j;
+
+ atomic {
+ INIT_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr, 1, j);
+ INIT_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr, 0, j);
+
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ :: i < NR_READERS ->
+ INIT_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[i], 0, j);
+ read_generation[i] = 1;
+ data_access[i] = 0;
+ i++;
+ :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
+ od;
+ init_done = 1;
+ }
+}