2 * mem.spin: Promela code to validate memory barriers with OOO memory
3 * and out-of-order instruction scheduling.
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8 * (at your option) any later version.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
19 * Copyright (c) 2009 Mathieu Desnoyers
22 /* Promela validation variables. */
24 /* specific defines "included" here */
25 /* DEFINES file "included" here */
32 #define get_pid() (_pid)
34 #define get_readerid() (get_pid())
37 * Produced process control and data flow. Updated after each instruction to
38 * show which variables are ready. Using one-hot bit encoding per variable to
39 * save state space. Used as triggers to execute the instructions having those
40 * variables as input. Leaving bits active to inhibit instruction execution.
41 * Scheme used to make instruction disabling and automatic dependency fall-back
45 #define CONSUME_TOKENS(state, bits, notbits) \
46 ((!(state & (notbits))) && (state & (bits)) == (bits))
48 #define PRODUCE_TOKENS(state, bits) \
49 state = state | (bits);
51 #define CLEAR_TOKENS(state, bits) \
52 state = state & ~(bits)
55 * Types of dependency :
59 * - True dependency, Read-after-Write (RAW)
61 * This type of dependency happens when a statement depends on the result of a
62 * previous statement. This applies to any statement which needs to read a
63 * variable written by a preceding statement.
65 * - False dependency, Write-after-Read (WAR)
67 * Typically, variable renaming can ensure that this dependency goes away.
68 * However, if the statements must read and then write from/to the same variable
69 * in the OOO memory model, renaming may be impossible, and therefore this
70 * causes a WAR dependency.
72 * - Output dependency, Write-after-Write (WAW)
74 * Two writes to the same variable in subsequent statements. Variable renaming
75 * can ensure this is not needed, but can be required when writing multiple
76 * times to the same OOO mem model variable.
80 * Execution of a given instruction depends on a previous instruction evaluating
81 * in a way that allows its execution. E.g. : branches.
83 * Useful considerations for joining dependencies after branch
87 * "We say box i dominates box j if every path (leading from input to output
88 * through the diagram) which passes through box j must also pass through box
89 * i. Thus box i dominates box j if box j is subordinate to box i in the
92 * http://www.hipersoft.rice.edu/grads/publications/dom14.pdf
93 * Other classic algorithm to calculate dominance : Lengauer-Tarjan (in gcc)
97 * Just as pre-dominance, but with arcs of the data flow inverted, and input vs
98 * output exchanged. Therefore, i post-dominating j ensures that every path
99 * passing by j will pass by i before reaching the output.
101 * Other considerations
103 * Note about "volatile" keyword dependency : The compiler will order volatile
104 * accesses so they appear in the right order on a given CPU. They can be
105 * reordered by the CPU instruction scheduling. This therefore cannot be
106 * considered as a depencency.
110 * Cooper, Keith D.; & Torczon, Linda. (2005). Engineering a Compiler. Morgan
111 * Kaufmann. ISBN 1-55860-698-X.
112 * Kennedy, Ken; & Allen, Randy. (2001). Optimizing Compilers for Modern
113 * Architectures: A Dependence-based Approach. Morgan Kaufmann. ISBN
115 * Muchnick, Steven S. (1997). Advanced Compiler Design and Implementation.
116 * Morgan Kaufmann. ISBN 1-55860-320-4.
120 * Note about loops and nested calls
122 * To keep this model simple, loops expressed in the framework will behave as if
123 * there was a core synchronizing instruction between loops. To see the effect
124 * of loop unrolling, manually unrolling loops is required. Note that if loops
125 * end or start with a core synchronizing instruction, the model is appropriate.
126 * Nested calls are not supported.
130 * Each process have its own data in cache. Caches are randomly updated.
131 * smp_wmb and smp_rmb forces cache updates (write and read), smp_mb forces
135 typedef per_proc_byte {
139 /* Bitfield has a maximum of 8 procs */
140 typedef per_proc_bit {
144 #define DECLARE_CACHED_VAR(type, x) \
146 per_proc_##type cached_##x; \
147 per_proc_bit cache_dirty_##x;
149 #define INIT_CACHED_VAR(x, v, j) \
151 cache_dirty_##x.bitfield = 0; \
155 cached_##x.val[j] = v; \
157 :: j >= NR_PROCS -> break \
160 #define IS_CACHE_DIRTY(x, id) (cache_dirty_##x.bitfield & (1 << id))
162 #define READ_CACHED_VAR(x) (cached_##x.val[get_pid()])
164 #define WRITE_CACHED_VAR(x, v) \
166 cached_##x.val[get_pid()] = v; \
167 cache_dirty_##x.bitfield = \
168 cache_dirty_##x.bitfield | (1 << get_pid()); \
171 #define CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(x, id) \
173 :: IS_CACHE_DIRTY(x, id) -> \
174 mem_##x = cached_##x.val[id]; \
175 cache_dirty_##x.bitfield = \
176 cache_dirty_##x.bitfield & (~(1 << id)); \
181 #define CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(x, id) \
183 :: !IS_CACHE_DIRTY(x, id) -> \
184 cached_##x.val[id] = mem_##x;\
190 * May update other caches if cache is dirty, or not.
192 #define RANDOM_CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(x, id)\
194 :: 1 -> CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(x, id); \
198 #define RANDOM_CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(x, id)\
200 :: 1 -> CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(x, id); \
204 /* Must consume all prior read tokens. All subsequent reads depend on it. */
208 CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, get_pid());
212 CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_active_readers[i], get_pid());
214 :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
216 CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(generation_ptr, get_pid());
220 /* Must consume all prior write tokens. All subsequent writes depend on it. */
224 CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, get_pid());
228 CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_active_readers[i], get_pid());
230 :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
232 CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(generation_ptr, get_pid());
236 /* Synchronization point. Must consume all prior read and write tokens. All
237 * subsequent reads and writes depend on it. */
247 #ifdef REMOTE_BARRIERS
249 bit reader_barrier[NR_READERS];
252 * We cannot leave the barriers dependencies in place in REMOTE_BARRIERS mode
253 * because they would add unexisting core synchronization and would therefore
254 * create an incomplete model.
255 * Therefore, we model the read-side memory barriers by completely disabling the
256 * memory barriers and their dependencies from the read-side. One at a time
257 * (different verification runs), we make a different instruction listen for
261 #define smp_mb_reader(i, j)
264 * Service 0, 1 or many barrier requests.
266 inline smp_mb_recv(i, j)
269 :: (reader_barrier[get_readerid()] == 1) ->
271 reader_barrier[get_readerid()] = 0;
277 inline smp_mb_send(i, j)
283 reader_barrier[i] = 1;
285 :: (reader_barrier[i] == 1) -> skip;
286 :: (reader_barrier[i] == 0) -> break;
289 :: i >= NR_READERS ->
297 #define smp_mb_send smp_mb
298 #define smp_mb_reader smp_mb
299 #define smp_mb_recv(i, j)
303 /* Keep in sync manually with smp_rmb, wmp_wmb, ooo_mem and init() */
304 DECLARE_CACHED_VAR(byte, urcu_gp_ctr);
305 /* Note ! currently only two readers */
306 DECLARE_CACHED_VAR(byte, urcu_active_readers[NR_READERS]);
307 /* pointer generation */
308 DECLARE_CACHED_VAR(byte, generation_ptr);
310 byte last_free_gen = 0;
312 byte read_generation[NR_READERS];
313 bit data_access[NR_READERS];
319 bit sighand_exec = 0;
321 inline wait_init_done()
324 :: init_done == 0 -> skip;
332 RANDOM_CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, get_pid());
336 RANDOM_CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(urcu_active_readers[i],
339 :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
341 RANDOM_CACHE_WRITE_TO_MEM(generation_ptr, get_pid());
342 RANDOM_CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_gp_ctr, get_pid());
346 RANDOM_CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(urcu_active_readers[i],
349 :: i >= NR_READERS -> break
351 RANDOM_CACHE_READ_FROM_MEM(generation_ptr, get_pid());
356 * Bit encoding, urcu_reader :
359 int _proc_urcu_reader;
360 #define proc_urcu_reader _proc_urcu_reader
362 /* Body of PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK */
363 #define READ_PROD_A_READ (1 << 0)
364 #define READ_PROD_B_IF_TRUE (1 << 1)
365 #define READ_PROD_B_IF_FALSE (1 << 2)
366 #define READ_PROD_C_IF_TRUE_READ (1 << 3)
368 #define PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK(base, consumetoken, producetoken) \
369 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, consumetoken, READ_PROD_A_READ << base) -> \
371 tmp = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()]); \
372 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_A_READ << base); \
373 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, \
374 READ_PROD_A_READ << base, /* RAW, pre-dominant */ \
375 (READ_PROD_B_IF_TRUE | READ_PROD_B_IF_FALSE) << base) -> \
377 :: (!(tmp & RCU_GP_CTR_NEST_MASK)) -> \
378 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_B_IF_TRUE << base); \
380 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_B_IF_FALSE << base); \
383 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_B_IF_TRUE << base, \
384 READ_PROD_C_IF_TRUE_READ << base) -> \
386 tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr); \
387 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_C_IF_TRUE_READ << base); \
388 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, \
389 (READ_PROD_C_IF_TRUE_READ /* pre-dominant */ \
390 | READ_PROD_A_READ) << base, /* WAR */ \
393 WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()], tmp2); \
394 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, producetoken); \
395 /* IF_MERGE implies \
396 * post-dominance */ \
398 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, \
399 (READ_PROD_B_IF_FALSE /* pre-dominant */ \
400 | READ_PROD_A_READ) << base, /* WAR */ \
403 WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()], \
405 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, producetoken); \
406 /* IF_MERGE implies \
407 * post-dominance */ \
411 /* Body of PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK */
412 #define READ_PROC_READ_UNLOCK (1 << 0)
414 #define PROCEDURE_READ_UNLOCK(base, consumetoken, producetoken) \
415 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, \
417 READ_PROC_READ_UNLOCK << base) -> \
419 tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()]); \
420 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_READ_UNLOCK << base); \
421 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, \
423 | (READ_PROC_READ_UNLOCK << base), /* WAR */ \
426 WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()], tmp2 - 1); \
427 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, producetoken); \
431 #define READ_PROD_NONE (1 << 0)
433 /* PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK base = << 1 : 1 to 5 */
434 #define READ_LOCK_BASE 1
435 #define READ_LOCK_OUT (1 << 5)
437 #define READ_PROC_FIRST_MB (1 << 6)
439 /* PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK (NESTED) base : << 7 : 7 to 11 */
440 #define READ_LOCK_NESTED_BASE 7
441 #define READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT (1 << 11)
443 #define READ_PROC_READ_GEN (1 << 12)
444 #define READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN (1 << 13)
446 /* PROCEDURE_READ_UNLOCK (NESTED) base = << 14 : 14 to 15 */
447 #define READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_BASE 14
448 #define READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT (1 << 15)
450 #define READ_PROC_SECOND_MB (1 << 16)
452 /* PROCEDURE_READ_UNLOCK base = << 17 : 17 to 18 */
453 #define READ_UNLOCK_BASE 17
454 #define READ_UNLOCK_OUT (1 << 18)
456 /* PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK_UNROLL base = << 19 : 19 to 23 */
457 #define READ_LOCK_UNROLL_BASE 19
458 #define READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL (1 << 23)
460 #define READ_PROC_THIRD_MB (1 << 24)
462 #define READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL (1 << 25)
463 #define READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL (1 << 26)
465 #define READ_PROC_FOURTH_MB (1 << 27)
467 /* PROCEDURE_READ_UNLOCK_UNROLL base = << 28 : 28 to 29 */
468 #define READ_UNLOCK_UNROLL_BASE 28
469 #define READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL (1 << 29)
472 /* Should not include branches */
473 #define READ_PROC_ALL_TOKENS (READ_PROD_NONE \
475 | READ_PROC_FIRST_MB \
476 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT \
477 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN \
478 | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN \
479 | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT \
480 | READ_PROC_SECOND_MB \
482 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL \
483 | READ_PROC_THIRD_MB \
484 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL \
485 | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL \
486 | READ_PROC_FOURTH_MB \
487 | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
489 /* Must clear all tokens, including branches */
490 #define READ_PROC_ALL_TOKENS_CLEAR ((1 << 30) - 1)
492 inline urcu_one_read(i, j, nest_i, tmp, tmp2)
494 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE);
497 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_FIRST_MB);
498 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_SECOND_MB);
499 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_THIRD_MB);
500 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_FOURTH_MB);
503 #ifdef REMOTE_BARRIERS
504 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_FIRST_MB);
505 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_SECOND_MB);
506 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_THIRD_MB);
507 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_FOURTH_MB);
513 #ifdef REMOTE_BARRIERS
515 * Signal-based memory barrier will only execute when the
516 * execution order appears in program order.
522 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE,
523 READ_LOCK_OUT | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT
524 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
526 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
527 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
528 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT,
530 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
532 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
533 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
534 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT,
535 READ_PROC_READ_GEN | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
537 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
538 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
539 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT
540 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT | READ_PROC_READ_GEN,
541 READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
543 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
544 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
545 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT
546 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT | READ_PROC_READ_GEN | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN,
547 READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
549 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
550 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
551 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT
552 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT | READ_PROC_READ_GEN
553 | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT,
555 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
556 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
557 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT
558 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT | READ_PROC_READ_GEN
559 | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
562 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
563 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT
564 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT | READ_PROC_READ_GEN
565 | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
566 | READ_UNLOCK_OUT | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL,
567 READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
568 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT
569 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT | READ_PROC_READ_GEN
570 | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
571 | READ_UNLOCK_OUT | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
572 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL,
573 READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
574 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT
575 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT | READ_PROC_READ_GEN
576 | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
577 | READ_UNLOCK_OUT | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
578 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL,
579 READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL)
580 || CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROD_NONE | READ_LOCK_OUT
581 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT | READ_PROC_READ_GEN | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
582 | READ_UNLOCK_OUT | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL
583 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL | READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL,
593 goto non_atomic3_skip;
596 goto non_atomic3_end;
599 #endif /* REMOTE_BARRIERS */
603 PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK(READ_LOCK_BASE, READ_PROD_NONE, READ_LOCK_OUT);
605 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader,
606 READ_LOCK_OUT, /* post-dominant */
607 READ_PROC_FIRST_MB) ->
609 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_FIRST_MB);
611 PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK(READ_LOCK_NESTED_BASE, READ_PROC_FIRST_MB | READ_LOCK_OUT,
612 READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT);
614 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader,
615 READ_PROC_FIRST_MB, /* mb() orders reads */
616 READ_PROC_READ_GEN) ->
618 read_generation[get_readerid()] =
619 READ_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr);
620 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_READ_GEN);
622 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader,
623 READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() orders reads */
624 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN,
625 READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN) ->
629 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN);
632 /* Note : we remove the nested memory barrier from the read unlock
633 * model, given it is not usually needed. The implementation has the barrier
634 * because the performance impact added by a branch in the common case does not
638 PROCEDURE_READ_UNLOCK(READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_BASE,
641 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT,
642 READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT);
645 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader,
646 READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN /* mb() orders reads */
647 | READ_PROC_READ_GEN /* mb() orders reads */
648 | READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() ordered */
649 | READ_LOCK_OUT /* post-dominant */
650 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT /* post-dominant */
651 | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT,
652 READ_PROC_SECOND_MB) ->
654 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_SECOND_MB);
656 PROCEDURE_READ_UNLOCK(READ_UNLOCK_BASE,
657 READ_PROC_SECOND_MB /* mb() orders reads */
658 | READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() orders reads */
659 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT /* RAW */
660 | READ_LOCK_OUT /* RAW */
661 | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT, /* RAW */
664 /* Unrolling loop : second consecutive lock */
665 /* reading urcu_active_readers, which have been written by
666 * READ_UNLOCK_OUT : RAW */
667 PROCEDURE_READ_LOCK(READ_LOCK_UNROLL_BASE,
668 READ_UNLOCK_OUT /* RAW */
669 | READ_PROC_SECOND_MB /* mb() orders reads */
670 | READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() orders reads */
671 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT /* RAW */
672 | READ_LOCK_OUT /* RAW */
673 | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT, /* RAW */
674 READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL);
677 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader,
678 READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() ordered */
679 | READ_PROC_SECOND_MB /* mb() ordered */
680 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL /* post-dominant */
681 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT
683 | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
685 READ_PROC_THIRD_MB) ->
687 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_THIRD_MB);
689 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader,
690 READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() orders reads */
691 | READ_PROC_SECOND_MB /* mb() orders reads */
692 | READ_PROC_THIRD_MB, /* mb() orders reads */
693 READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL) ->
695 read_generation[get_readerid()] =
696 READ_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr);
697 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL);
699 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader,
700 READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL
701 | READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() orders reads */
702 | READ_PROC_SECOND_MB /* mb() orders reads */
703 | READ_PROC_THIRD_MB, /* mb() orders reads */
704 READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL) ->
708 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL);
710 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader,
711 READ_PROC_READ_GEN_UNROLL /* mb() orders reads */
712 | READ_PROC_ACCESS_GEN_UNROLL /* mb() orders reads */
713 | READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() ordered */
714 | READ_PROC_SECOND_MB /* mb() ordered */
715 | READ_PROC_THIRD_MB /* mb() ordered */
716 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL /* post-dominant */
717 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT
719 | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT
721 READ_PROC_FOURTH_MB) ->
723 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_FOURTH_MB);
725 PROCEDURE_READ_UNLOCK(READ_UNLOCK_UNROLL_BASE,
726 READ_PROC_FOURTH_MB /* mb() orders reads */
727 | READ_PROC_THIRD_MB /* mb() orders reads */
728 | READ_LOCK_OUT_UNROLL /* RAW */
729 | READ_PROC_SECOND_MB /* mb() orders reads */
730 | READ_PROC_FIRST_MB /* mb() orders reads */
731 | READ_LOCK_NESTED_OUT /* RAW */
732 | READ_LOCK_OUT /* RAW */
733 | READ_UNLOCK_NESTED_OUT, /* RAW */
734 READ_UNLOCK_OUT_UNROLL);
735 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_ALL_TOKENS, 0) ->
736 CLEAR_TOKENS(proc_urcu_reader, READ_PROC_ALL_TOKENS_CLEAR);
742 * Dependency between consecutive loops :
744 * WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()], tmp2 - 1)
745 * tmp = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[get_readerid()]);
747 * _WHEN THE MB()s are in place_, they add full ordering of the
748 * generation pointer read wrt active reader count read, which ensures
749 * execution will not spill across loop execution.
750 * However, in the event mb()s are removed (execution using signal
751 * handler to promote barrier()() -> smp_mb()), nothing prevents one loop
752 * to spill its execution on other loop's execution.
756 data_access[get_readerid()] = 1;
757 data_access[get_readerid()] = 0;
760 data_access[get_readerid()] = 1;
761 data_access[get_readerid()] = 0;
762 goto non_atomic2_end;
769 active proctype urcu_reader()
776 assert(get_pid() < NR_PROCS);
782 * We do not test reader's progress here, because we are mainly
783 * interested in writer's progress. The reader never blocks
784 * anyway. We have to test for reader/writer's progress
785 * separately, otherwise we could think the writer is doing
786 * progress when it's blocked by an always progressing reader.
788 #ifdef READER_PROGRESS
791 urcu_one_read(i, j, nest_i, tmp, tmp2);
795 /* no name clash please */
796 #undef proc_urcu_reader
799 /* Model the RCU update process. */
802 * Bit encoding, urcu_writer :
803 * Currently only supports one reader.
806 int _proc_urcu_writer;
807 #define proc_urcu_writer _proc_urcu_writer
809 #define WRITE_PROD_NONE (1 << 0)
811 #define WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB (1 << 1)
814 #define WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP (1 << 2)
815 #define WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP (1 << 3)
816 #define WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT (1 << 4)
817 #define WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT_LOOP (1 << 5)
820 #define WRITE_PROC_SECOND_READ_GP (1 << 6)
821 #define WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WRITE_GP (1 << 7)
822 #define WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT (1 << 8)
823 #define WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT_LOOP (1 << 9)
825 #define WRITE_PROC_SECOND_MB (1 << 10)
827 #define WRITE_PROC_ALL_TOKENS (WRITE_PROD_NONE \
828 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB \
829 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP \
830 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP \
831 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT \
832 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_READ_GP \
833 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WRITE_GP \
834 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT \
835 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_MB)
837 #define WRITE_PROC_ALL_TOKENS_CLEAR ((1 << 11) - 1)
839 active proctype urcu_writer()
842 byte tmp, tmp2, tmpa;
847 assert(get_pid() < NR_PROCS);
850 :: (READ_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr) < 5) ->
851 #ifdef WRITER_PROGRESS
856 old_gen = READ_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr);
857 WRITE_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr, old_gen + 1);
865 :: write_lock == 0 ->
874 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROD_NONE);
877 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB);
878 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_MB);
882 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_READ_GP);
883 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WRITE_GP);
884 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT);
888 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
890 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB) ->
892 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB);
895 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
897 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP) ->
898 tmpa = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr);
899 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP);
900 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
901 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP,
902 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP) ->
904 WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr, tmpa ^ RCU_GP_CTR_BIT);
905 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP);
907 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
908 //WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP /* TEST ADDING SYNC CORE */
909 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB, /* can be reordered before/after flips */
910 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT_LOOP) ->
912 /* ONLY WAITING FOR READER 0 */
913 tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[0]);
915 :: (tmp2 & RCU_GP_CTR_NEST_MASK)
916 && ((tmp2 ^ RCU_GP_CTR_BIT) & RCU_GP_CTR_BIT) ->
917 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT_LOOP);
919 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT);
922 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
923 //WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP /* TEST ADDING SYNC CORE */
924 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP
925 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP
926 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT_LOOP
927 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB, /* can be reordered before/after flips */
929 #ifndef GEN_ERROR_WRITER_PROGRESS
934 /* This instruction loops to WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT */
935 CLEAR_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT_LOOP | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT);
938 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
939 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT /* Control dependency : need to branch out of
940 * the loop to execute the next flip (CHECK) */
941 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP
942 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP
943 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB,
944 WRITE_PROC_SECOND_READ_GP) ->
945 //smp_mb_send(i, j); //TEST
947 tmpa = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr);
948 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_READ_GP);
949 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
951 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP
952 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP
953 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_READ_GP,
954 WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WRITE_GP) ->
956 WRITE_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr, tmpa ^ RCU_GP_CTR_BIT);
957 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WRITE_GP);
959 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
960 //WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP /* TEST ADDING SYNC CORE */
961 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT
962 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB, /* can be reordered before/after flips */
963 WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT_LOOP) ->
965 /* ONLY WAITING FOR READER 0 */
966 tmp2 = READ_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[0]);
968 :: (tmp2 & RCU_GP_CTR_NEST_MASK)
969 && ((tmp2 ^ 0) & RCU_GP_CTR_BIT) ->
970 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT_LOOP);
972 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT);
975 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
976 //WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP /* TEST ADDING SYNC CORE */
977 WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WRITE_GP
978 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP
979 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_READ_GP
980 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP
981 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT_LOOP
982 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB, /* can be reordered before/after flips */
984 #ifndef GEN_ERROR_WRITER_PROGRESS
989 /* This instruction loops to WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT */
990 CLEAR_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT_LOOP | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT);
993 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer,
994 WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WAIT
995 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WAIT
996 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_READ_GP
997 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_READ_GP
998 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_WRITE_GP
999 | WRITE_PROC_SECOND_WRITE_GP
1000 | WRITE_PROC_FIRST_MB,
1001 WRITE_PROC_SECOND_MB) ->
1003 PRODUCE_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_SECOND_MB);
1005 :: CONSUME_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_ALL_TOKENS, 0) ->
1006 CLEAR_TOKENS(proc_urcu_writer, WRITE_PROC_ALL_TOKENS_CLEAR);
1011 /* free-up step, e.g., kfree(). */
1013 last_free_gen = old_gen;
1019 * Given the reader loops infinitely, let the writer also busy-loop
1020 * with progress here so, with weak fairness, we can test the
1021 * writer's progress.
1026 #ifdef WRITER_PROGRESS
1033 /* no name clash please */
1034 #undef proc_urcu_writer
1037 /* Leave after the readers and writers so the pid count is ok. */
1042 INIT_CACHED_VAR(urcu_gp_ctr, 1, j);
1043 INIT_CACHED_VAR(generation_ptr, 0, j);
1047 :: i < NR_READERS ->
1048 INIT_CACHED_VAR(urcu_active_readers[i], 0, j);
1049 read_generation[i] = 1;
1052 :: i >= NR_READERS -> break